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. 2015 Apr 30;12(5):4758–4795. doi: 10.3390/ijerph120504758

Table 5.

Summary of meta-analysis results for approach to prevention programs analysed by population.

Program Post Intervention 3–9 Month Follow-up 12-Month Follow-up
Depressive disorder (RD) Depression symptoms (SMD) Depressive disorder (RD) Depression symptoms (SMD) Depressive disorder (RD) Depression symptoms (SMD)
Universal 8 studies;
9 intervention arm;
N = 1025
RD −0.14 [−0.23, −0.06]
I2 = 68%
21 studies;
26 intervention arm;
N = 6519
SMD −0.05 [−0.23, 0.13]
8 studies;
10 intervention arm;
N = 1228
RD −0.13 [−0.21, −0.06]
I2 = 70%
14 studies;
18 intervention arm;
N = 4077
SMD −0.02 [−0.27, 0.23]
6 studies;
7 intervention arm;
N = 910
RD −0.06 [−0.15, 0.03]
10 studies;
14 intervention arm;
N = 3737
SMD −0.08 [−0.14, −0.01]
I2 = 68%
Targeted 6 studies;
7 intervention arms;
N = 751
RD −0.09 [−0.16, −0.01]
I2 = 53%
18 studies;
21 intervention arms;
N = 3363
SMD −0.25 [−0.37, −0.14]
I2 = 44%
7 studies;
9 intervention arms;
N = 1255
RD −0.09 [−0.14, −0.05]
I2 = 0%
13 studies;
16 intervention arms;
N = 2880
SMD −0.18 [−0.30, −0.07]
I2 = 41%
3 studies;
3 intervention arm;
N = 239
RD −0.14 [−0.24, −0.04]
I2 = 0%
7 studies;
8 intervention arm;
N = 1902
SMD −0.14 [−0.28, 0.00]
I2 = 41%
Subgroup differences χ2 = 0.99, χ2 = 3.37, χ2 = 0.75, χ2 = 1.39, χ2 = 1.38, χ2 = 0.61,
p = 0.32 p = 0.07 p = 0.39 p = 0.24 p = 0.24 p = 0.44

RD: Risk Difference; SMD: Standardised Mean Difference; Bold font indicates significant results.