Table 3.
Baseline characteristics.
| COPD [55% (n = 11)] | Control [45% (n = 9)] | p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Male [% (n)] | 72.7% (8) | 55.6% (5) | 0.64 |
| Age [mean (±SD)] | 70.7 (±4.7) | 66.8 (±5.6) | 0.11 |
| Smoking history [mean (±SD)] | |||
| Smoking (pack-years) | 77.7 (±27.7) | 41.3 (±18) | <0.01 |
| Years since quitting smoking | 6.6 ( ±6.4) | 15.4 (±6.5) | <0.01 |
| Spirometry [mean (±SD)] | |||
| FEV1 (L) | 1.2 (±0.6) | 2.5 (±0.4) | <0.01 |
| FEV1 % predicted | 41.3 (±17.4) | 89 (±11) | <0.01 |
| FVC (L) | 2.9 (±0.9) | 3.3 (±0.7) | 0.21 |
| FVC % predicted | 73.2 (±13.9) | 88.5 (±10.9) | 0.01 |
| FEV1/FVC % | 41.1 (±14.3) | 75.6 (±5.1) | <0.01 |
| Other baseline characteristics [% (n)] | |||
| Second hand smoke exposure | 100% (11) | 88.9% (8) | 0.45 |
| History of asthma | 18.2% (2) | 11.1% (1) | 1.00 |
| History of VGDF exposure | 9.1% (1) | 11.1% (1) | 1.00 |
| Taking inhaled long acting anticholinergic | 72.7% (8) | 0 | <0.01 |
| Taking inhaled short acting beta agonist | 72.7% (8) | 11.1% (1) | 0.01 |
| Taking inhaled corticosteroid | 72.7% (8) | 11.1% (1) | 0.01 |
| Taking inhaled long acting beta agonist | 72.7% (8) | 11.1% (1) | 0.01 |
Notes: p-Values for comparisons between the COPD and Controls were computed using t-tests for continuous variables and Fisher exact tests for categorical variables (gender, history of antibiotics, and use of inhaled medications. VGDF = vapors, gases, dusts, or fumes.