1. Sources of heterogeneity for urine reagent strip for microhaematuria.

Group	Co‐variate	Subgroup	n (N = 74)	Sensitivity (95% CI)	Specificity (95% CI)
Overall				0.75 (0.71‐0.79)	0.87 (0.84‐0.90)
Subgroup analysis	Reference standard	Higher quality (> 1 sample)	10	0.71 (0.62‐0.80)	0.85 (0.78‐0.93)
		Lower quality (1 sample)	64	0.76 (0.71‐0.80)	0.87 (0.84‐0.90)
	Threshold	≥ +1	23	0.80 (0.73‐0.85)	0.85 (0.78‐0.92)
	Age	Children	34	0.77 (0.71‐0.82)	0.91 (0.87‐0.93)
	Intensity of infection	Light	28	0.73 (0.66‐0.79)	0.88 (0.84‐0.92)
Sensitivity analysis	Concentration	Filtration only	62	0.73 (0.69‐0.78)	0.86 (0.82‐0.89)
	QUADAS Patient Selection	Low risk of bias	16	0.77 (0.70‐0.86)	0.86 (0.79‐0.92)
	QUADAS Reference Standard	Low risk of biasa	1	‐	‐
	QUADAS Flow and Timing	Low risk of bias	43	0.77 (0.72‐0.82)	0.87 (0.83‐0.90)

^aInsufficient data for synthesis.