De Clerq 1995.
Study characteristics | |||
Patient sampling | Cross‐sectional design; consecutive sampling | ||
Patient characteristics and setting | Species: S. haematobium Country: Mali Sample size: 441 Age range: not reported Participants: Blood and urine samples were collected from 182 and 271 people in the villages of Kassa and Boro Setting: field study Praziquantel status before study: no prior drugs |
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Index tests | CAA ELISA Serum (in‐house assay) | ||
Target condition and reference standard(s) | S. haematobium infection measured by urine microscopy (filtration method) | ||
Flow and timing | |||
Comparative | |||
Notes | |||
Methodological quality | |||
Item | Authors' judgement | Risk of bias | Applicability concerns |
DOMAIN 1: Patient Selection | |||
Was a consecutive or random sample of patients enrolled? | Unclear | ||
Was a case‐control design avoided? | Yes | ||
Did the study avoid inappropriate exclusions? | Unclear | ||
Unclear | Low | ||
DOMAIN 2: Index Test CAA ELISA | |||
Were the index test results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the reference standard? | Unclear | ||
If a threshold was used, was it pre‐specified? | Unclear | ||
Was quality control done? | Unclear | ||
Unclear | Low | ||
DOMAIN 3: Reference Standard | |||
Is the reference standards likely to correctly classify the target condition? | No | ||
Were the reference standard results interpreted without knowledge of the results of the index tests? | Yes | ||
Was quality control done? | Unclear | ||
High | Low | ||
DOMAIN 4: Flow and Timing | |||
Was there an appropriate interval between index test and reference standard? | Yes | ||
Did all patients receive the same reference standard? | Yes | ||
Were all patients included in the analysis? | Yes | ||
Low |