TABLE 3—
Adjusted Logistic Regression Model of Insurance-Based Discrimination by Insurance Type, Controlling for Respondents’ Characteristics and Health Status: 2013 Minnesota Health Access Survey
| Characteristic | Insurance-Based Discrimination, OR (95% CI) |
| Insurance type | |
| Uninsured | 5.75*** (3.19, 10.37) |
| Public insurance | 4.40*** (2.58, 7.52) |
| Private insurance (Ref) | 1.00 |
| Race/ethnicity | |
| Hispanic Latino | 0.38 (0.14, 1.08) |
| Non-Hispanic African American | 2.20** (1.25, 3.88) |
| Non-Hispanic American Indian | 1.26 (0.51, 3.14) |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 0.86 (0.28, 2.64) |
| Non-Hispanic other and multiple races | 0.66 (0.23, 1.90) |
| Non-Hispanic White (Ref) | 1.00 |
| Country of birth | |
| Non–US-born | 1.66 (0.81, 3.38) |
| US-born (Ref) | 1.00 |
| Age, y | |
| 18–25 | 0.56 (0.24, 1.29) |
| 26–45 | 1.54 (0.96, 2.47) |
| 46–64 (Ref) | 1.00 |
| Family income, % of federal poverty guideline | |
| < 138 | 3.68** (1.69, 8.06) |
| 138–400 | 2.38* (1.21, 4.69) |
| > 400 (Ref) | 1.00 |
| Education | |
| ≤ high school | 0.89 (0.47, 1.70) |
| Some college | 1.33 (0.77, 2.30) |
| ≥ college degree (Ref) | 1.00 |
| Marital status | |
| Unmarried | 1.22 (0.78, 1.90) |
| Married (Ref) | 1.00 |
| Employment status | |
| Unemployed | 0.85 (0.53, 1.35) |
| Employed (Ref) | 1.00 |
| Health status | |
| Fair or poor | 2.09** (1.34, 3.26) |
| Excellent, very good, or good (Ref) | 1.00 |
Note. CI = confidence interval; OR = odds ratio. Data from the 2013 Minnesota Health Access Survey were restricted to adults aged 18–64 y who reported about their own experiences of insurance-based discrimination. Data were weighted to represent the state’s population. Variables that showed significant differences in the Pearson χ2 test were included in the adjusted model.
*P < .05; **P < .01; ***P < .001.