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Insect Malpighian tubules and Malpighian tubule genes. (a) The dissected gut of an adult female D. melanogaster (top: arrows, Malpighian tubules) and adult female pea aphid (bottom). Scale bar, 0.5 mm. (b) Flow chart for identification of orthologues of Drosophila Malpighian tubule genes in the pea aphid alimentary tracts. See §2 for descriptions of BLAST, FlyAtlas and RNAseq. (Online version in colour.)
