Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr HIV Res. 2015;13(1):43–54. doi: 10.2174/1570162x13666150311164201

Fig. (2). In vitro studies showing that Tat reduces the translocation of CDK5 from the cytoplasm to the nucleus.

Fig. (2)

(A) Tat expression in macrophages following 5 days; (B) immunocytochemical analysis of neuronal cells treated with conditioned media [CM] showing that Tat traffics into neuronal cells and localizes in the cytoplasm and nucleus; (C, D) double immunolabeling with antibodies against CDK5 [red] and Tat [green] showing that Tat re-distributes CDK5 from the nucleus to the cytoplasm of neuronal cells [p<0.0001; df=5, F=75.82 by one-way ANOVA]. (E, F) Tat-mediated translocation of CDK5 leads to increased pTau [p<0.0001; df=2, F=320.7 by one-way ANOVA] and reduced neurite outgrowth [β-tubulin] [p<0.0001; df=2, F=17.57 by one-way ANOVA]. Bar= 10 um.