Ca-TAT-mediated delivery of CCL2 siRNAs to PyVmT ex vivo cultures lead to decreased cell proliferation and increased necrosis and autophagy. PyVmT tumor tissues were cultured for 24 h before injection with: PBS vehicle control, or Ca-TAT complexed to control siRNA (Con) or CCL2 siRNA (mCCL2si). Samples were analyzed by flow cytometry 48 h post-injection, for expression of the following: a Ki67, b cleaved caspase-3, c HMGB1, or d LC3B. Expression levels were normalized to samples stained with secondary antibody only. Statistical analysis was performed using One-Way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-hoc comparisons. Statistical significance was determined by p value < 0.05, ***p < 0.05, ****p > 0.05. Values are expressed as Mean ± SEM. N = 6 per group