Table 1.
Bivariable analysis of factors associated with syringe lending among a community-recruited sample of HIV-positive PWID in Bangkok, Thailand (n = 127)
| Characteristic | Syringe lendinga | Odds ratio (95 % CI) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yes 21 (16.5 %) | No 106 (83.5 %) | |||
| Age | ||||
| <38 years | 11 (52.4) | 52 (49.1) | 1.14 (0.45–2.92) | 0.781 |
| ≥38 years | 10 (47.6) | 54 (50.9) | ||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 19 (90.5) | 83 (78.3) | 0.38 (0.04–1.78) | 0.246 |
| Female | 2 (9.5) | 23 (21.7) | ||
| Education level | ||||
| <Secondary education | 11 (52.4) | 42 (39.6) | 1.68 (0.65–4.29) | 0.279 |
| ≥Secondary education | 10 (47.6) | 64 (60.4) | ||
| Incarcerationa | ||||
| Yes | 3 (14.3) | 13 (12.3) | 1.19 (0.20–4.99) | 0.728 |
| No | 18 (85.7) | 93 (87.7) | ||
| Heroin injection frequencya | ||||
| ≥Daily | 2 (9.5) | 15 (14.2) | 0.64 (0.07–3.14) | 0.736 |
| <Daily | 19 (90.5) | 91 (85.8) | ||
| Methamphetamine injection frequencya | ||||
| ≥Daily | 6 (28.6) | 4 (3.8) | 10.20 (2.08–53.59) | 0.001 |
| <Daily | 15 (71.4) | 102 (96.2) | ||
| Midazolam injection frequencya | ||||
| ≥Daily | 15 (71.4) | 47 (44.3) | 3.14 (1.13–8.72) | 0.023 |
| <Daily | 6 (28.6) | 59 (55.7) | ||
| Binge drug usea | ||||
| Yes | 11 (52.4) | 34 (32.1) | 2.33 (0.90–6.01) | 0.076 |
| No | 10 (47.6) | 72 (67.9) | ||
| Use of drugs in combinationa | ||||
| Yes | 19 (90.5) | 72 (67.9) | 4.49 (0.98–41.55) | 0.037 |
| No | 2 (9.5) | 34 (32.1) | ||
| Injected with others on a frequent basisa | ||||
| ≥25 % of the time | 17 (81.0) | 53 (50.0) | 4.25 (1.26–18.33) | 0.015 |
| <25 % of the time | 4 (19.0) | 53 (50.0) | ||
| Enrolled in voluntary drug treatment (including methadone)a | ||||
| Yes | 8 (38.1) | 38 (35.8) | 1.10 (0.42–2.89) | 0.845 |
| No | 13 (61.9) | 68 (64.2) | ||
| Difficulty accessing sterile syringesa | ||||
| Yes | 0 (0.0) | 5 (4.7) | 0.590 | |
| No | 21 (100.0) | 101 (95.3) | ||
| Receiving antiretroviral therapyb | ||||
| Receiving | 7 (33.3) | 63 (59.4) | ||
| Not receiving | 14 (66.7) | 43 (40.6) | 2.93 (1.09–7.86) | 0.028 |
PWID people who inject drugs
aDenotes events/activities during the 6 months prior to the interview
bDenotes events/activities at the time of the interview