Fig. 1.

Relative risk of death in the hospital across relevant subsamples after multivariate adjustment—survival effect of ventilation pressures [19]. The upper stacked-bar diagrams illustrate the mean values for PEEP, inspiratory plateau pressure, and driving pressure (ΔP) observed in each subsample. The error bars represent 1 standard deviation. At the bottom, the respective relative risks for death in the hospital are shown, calculated for each subsample after multivariate adjustment (at the patient level) for the five covariates (trial, age, risk of death according to the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) or Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS), arterial pH at entry, and Pao2:Fio2 at entry) specified in model 1. Error bars represent 95 % confidence intervals. A relative risk of 1 represents the mean risk of the pooled population, which had an adjusted survival rate of 68 % at 60 days. With permission from the publisher