Asymptomatic infected patients, referred symptomatic individuals, and positive blood donors |
Active search in endemic/nonendemic and remote areas; prenatal screening |
Samples processed individually. Ideal: saliva/urine; Alternative: whole blood, plasma or serum |
Point of care, including community-based facility external to health center (no transportation required) |
Adequately trained technical staff or community works with minimum quality certification standards |
PHC and community setting (home, school, or community center); Ideal timing: <1 h from sampling |
Qualitative |
Single universal test should detect all circulating strains |
Equal to or greater than standard serological tests |
100%. No cross-reaction with other parasites (e.g., Leishmania, T. rangeli) |