Table 2. Comparison of neuropsychological performances among patients with PMA, ALS and HC.
| PMA | ALS | HC | p Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PMA vs. HC | ALS vs. HC | PMA vs.ALS | ||||
| MMSE | 27.8±1.3 | 26.7±1.8 | 28.1±1.1 | 0.558 | 0.020 | 0.062 |
| Executive function | ||||||
| Phonemic verbal fluency | 6.0±2.6 | 5.4±1.8 | 5.1±2.7 | 0.257 | 0.303 | 0.773 |
| Category verbal fluency | 15.8±4.1 | 17.7±4.2 | 18.1±4.3 | 0.097 | 0.946 | 0.114 |
| Backward digital span of the WAIS | 5.1±1.5 | 4.9±1.6 | 5.2±1.3 | 0.725 | 0.421 | 0.615 |
| Correct for SIE | 1.2±2.3 | 2.9±3.5 | 2.1±2.8 | 0.274 | 0.520 | 0.117 |
| Time for SIE | 42.7±12.9 | 62.15±26.4 | 42.4±15.0 | 0.819 | 0.001 * | 0.003 * |
| the CDT raw score | 3.8±0.6 | 3.7±0.6 | 3.8±0.4 | 0.938 | 0.655 | 0.724 |
| Abnormal CDT (%) | 20 | 25 | 20 | 1.000 | 0.705 | 0.705 |
| Attention | ||||||
| Symbol Digit Modalities Test | 41.1±9.9 | 38.2±11.9 | 42.3±8.6 | 0.603 | 0.255 | 0.346 |
| Forward digital span of the WAIS | 5.1±1.5 | 4.9±1.6 | 5.2±1.3 | 0.832 | 0.102 | 0.150 |
| Stroop A time | 55.0±13.9 | 51.3±12.0 | 44.8±9.1 | 0.007 * | 0.101 | 0.626 |
| Stroop B time | 81.1±17.9 | 81.9±21.2 | 69.8±12.0 | 0.049 | 0.035 | 0.819 |
| Memory | ||||||
| Paired associate word learning of the CMT | 9.4±2.5 | 9.3±4.6 | 12.3±3.9 | 0.125 | 0.076 | 0.478 |
| Episodic memory of modified WMS | 4.8±1.5 | 5.4±1.8 | 6.0±1.5 | 0.041 | 0.307 | 0.450 |
| Language | ||||||
| Repetition of ABC | 35.5±1.6 | 35.5±1.7 | 35.5±1.5 | 0.496 | 0.846 | 0.625 |
| Visuospatial function | ||||||
| Copy of ABC | 8.7±2.1 | 9.2±1.7 | 9.4±1.0 | 0.520 | 0.814 | 0.764 |
| Calculation | ||||||
| Calculations of the WAIS | 13.0±1.6 | 12.6±3.4 | 12.3±3.9 | 0.662 | 0.849 | 0.841 |
3 PMA patients did not complete Stroop Color-Word Task; 2 PMA in copy tests and 1 PMA in digit span and Symbol Digit Modalities Test. ABC, Aphasia Battery Chinese; ALS, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; CDT, clock drawing test; CMT, Clinical Memory Test; HC, healthy controls; PMA, progressive muscular atrophy; SIE, Stroop interference effect; time for SIE was calculated according to the formula of (Stroop C time-Stroop B time) and correct number for SIE was calculated according to the formula of (Stroop B correct number- Stroop C correct number); WAIS, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale; WMS, Wechsler Memory Scale.
Data were means±SD.
*p value remained to be significant after Bonferroni correction (α = 0.05/3 = 0.017).