Table 3.
Variation in testing, hospitalization, and ceftriaxone use based on CPG specific recommendations among infants 29-56 days of age with diagnosis of fever.
| Testing / Hospitalization | Hospitals, n | Patients, n | % Received1 | aOR (95% CI)2 | P-value2 | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laboratory Testing | |||||
| Urine testing3 | |||||
| No CPG | 17 | 2460 | 81.1 | Ref | |
| CPG: Recommend for all | 16 | 3772 | 82.1 | 0.9 (0.7 - 1.4) | 0.76 | 
| Blood testing4 | |||||
| No CPG | 17 | 2460 | 79.4 | Ref | |
| CPG: Recommend for all | 15 | 3628 | 82.6 | 1.1 (0.7 - 1.6) | 0.70 | 
| CPG: Recommend consider | 1 | 144 | 62.5 | 0.4 (0.3 - 0.7) | 0.001 | 
| CSF testing5 | |||||
| No CPG | 17 | 2460 | 46.3 | Ref | |
| CPG: Recommend for all | 8 | 1517 | 70.3 | 1.3 (0.9 - 1.9) | 0.11 | 
| CPG: Recommend if high-risk | 8 | 2255 | 39.9 | 0.5 (0.3 - 0.8) | 0.002 | 
| Disposition | |||||
| Hospitalization | |||||
| No CPG | 17 | 2460 | 47.0 | Ref | |
| CPG: Recommend if high-risk | 16 | 3772 | 42.0 | 0.7 (0.5 - 1.1) | 0.10 | 
| Ceftriaxone if discharged6 | |||||
| No CPG | 17 | 1304 | 11.7 | Ref | |
| CPG: Recommend against | 4 | 313 | 10.9 | 0.3 (0.1 - 0.9) | 0.03 | 
| CPG: Recommend consider | 9 | 1567 | 14.4 | 1.5 (0.9 - 2.4) | 0.09 | 
| CPG: Recommend for all | 3 | 306 | 64.1 | 4.6 (2.3 - 9.3) | < 0.001 | 
Abbreviations: CPG, clinical practice guideline; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid
% of infants who received test, were hospitalized, or received ceftriaxone
Adjusted for hospital clustering, geographic region, payer, race, and gender
Urine testing defined as urine dipstick, urinalysis, or urine culture
Blood testing defined as CBC or blood culture
CSF testing defined as cell count, culture, or procedure code for lumbar puncture
For low-risk infants discharged from the ED