Table 1.

Sample demographic, psychosocial, and pain characteristics (n = 75)

Characteristic	Mean (SD)	n (%)
Demographic
Age, years	38.5 (11.8)
Female		54 (72.0)
African-American		75 (100.0)
Marital Status
Married/Cohabitating		23 (30.6)
Single		42 (56.0)
Separated/Divorced		10 (13.3)
Education
High School or less		11 (14.7)
Some College		28 (37.3)
Tech School/College Grad		28 (37.3)
Master/Doctoral Degree		8 (10.7)
Pain
Percentage of diary days with pain†	63% (1%–100%)
≤ 5%		8 (10.7)
6%–49%		22 (29.3)
50%–95%		19 (25.3)
> 95%		26 (34.7)
Percentage of diary days with VOC†	6% (0%–88%)
0%		22 (29.3)
1%–49%		47 (62.6)
≥50%		6 (8.0)
Opioid Use		43 (57.3)
NSAID Use		22 (29.3)
Psychosocial
CESD‡	14.6 (10.9)
PCS‡	13 (9.3)

CESD = Centers for Epidemiological Studies Depression, PCS = Pain Catastrophizing Scale, VOC = Vaso-occlusive Crisis

^†Across participants over the study period

^‡n < 75 due to missing value