Table 1.

Descriptive data on E&W and three comparison areas.

	England & Wales (study area)	Switzerland	Netherlands	California
Population (million)	55.6 (2010)a	8.0 (2011)	16.8 (2014)	38.3 (2013)
Area	151,036 km2	41,285 km2	41,543 km2	423,970 km2
Population density b	370/km2	188/km2	405/km2	95/km2
Gross domestic product (GDP)/capita ($)	37 k (UK)	54 k	42 k	46 k (USA)
Cars per household	1.2 (2011)b	1.15 (2010)c	1.0 (2005)d	2.2 (2010)e
Share of trips by walking and cycling	26% (UK, 2008)f	50% (2010)d	51% (2008)g	23% (2012)h

Sources: (Wikipedia, 2014), if not otherwise stated. See footnotes.

^ahttp://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/pop-estimate/population-estimates-for-uk--england-and-wales--scotland-and-northern-ireland/mid-2001-to-mid-2010-revised/index.html

^bhttp://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/index.html

^cBundesamt für Statistik and Bundesamt für Raumentwicklung, 2012. Mobilität in der Schweiz: Ergebnisse des Mikrozensus Mobilität und Verkehr 2010. BfS, ARE, Neuchâtel.

^dhttp://www.cbs.nl/en-GB/menu/themas/dossiers/nederland-regionaal/publicaties/artikelen/archief/2007/2007-2127-wm.htm

^ehttp://www.clrsearch.com/Sacramento-Demographics/CA/Number-of-Vehicles-per-Household

^fhttps://www.gov.uk/government/collections/national-travel-survey-statistics

^gMinisterie van Verkeer en Waterstaat, 2010. “Onderzoek Verplaatsingen in Nederland” (OViN).

^hFederal Highway Administration, 2010. National Household Travel Survey. US Department of Transportation.