Table 1.

Summary of therapeutic hypothermia; indications, performance, type of evidence and proposed protocols

Clinical Scenario	Efficacy	Evidence	Protocol
Cardiac arrest (VT or VF)	Effective	2 small RCTs and multiple cohort studies	Temperature target 32-34°C for 12–24 h [2,3,30,31]
Neonatal hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE)	Effective	RCTs	Moderate or severe HIE, should be treated within 6 h of delivery to 32–34°C for 72 h, at slow rewarming rate [34,35]
Increased ICP	Effective	RCTs and cohort studies	32–36°C (tailored according ICP level) [17,64,65,68]
Cardiac arrest (PEA or asystole)	Possible	Case series	Target temperature 32–34°C for 12–24 h [9,10,12,69]
Hypoxic encephalopathy in hanging injury cases	Feasible	Case series	Target temperature 32–34°C > 48 h [70,71]
Ischemic Stroke	Feasible	Small RCTs, ongoing trials	35°C for awake patients, 32–35°C for ventilated comatose patients [36-39]
Intracerebral hemorrhage	Unknown	Case series	Fever control [48]
Subarachnoid hemorrhage	Unknown	Case series	Fever Control [52]
Traumatic brain injury	Unknown	RCTs with conflicting research findings, ongoing trials	Target temperature 32–34°C for > 48 h [59-63]