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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jun 5.
Published in final edited form as: Compr Physiol. 2012 Jan;2(1):1–29. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c100090

Figure 12.

Figure 12

Measurements of cell tractions exerted to the substrate. (Top) Traction microscopy. Cell tractions exerted by a human airway smooth cell on a polyacrylamide gel coated with collagen. Colors show the magnitude and direction of the traction vectors in pascal. Adapted (with permission) from reference (31). (Bottom) Micropost array. Confocal image of immunofluorescence staining of a smooth muscle cell on posts. Position of fibronectin (red) on the tips of the posts was used to calculate force exerted by cells (white arrows). Reprinted (with permission) from reference (240). Copyright (2003) National Academy of Sciences, USA.