Table 3.
Covariates of heart rate variability frequency- and time-domain variables in 10-year-old children
| Covariates | Standardized beta coefficients
|
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time-domain variables
|
Frequency-domain variables
|
||||||||
| SDNN | SDANN | SDNNi | rMSSD | pNN50 | lnVLF | lnLF | lnHF | LF/HF ratio | |
| Age (years) | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.1* | 0.1* | 0.0 | −0.0 | 0.0 | −0.1* |
| Sex (male) | 0.1** | 0.1** | 0.1** | 0.1*** | 0.1*** | 0.1* | 0.1** | 0.1*** | −0.1** |
| Gestational age at birth (weeks) | 0.0 | −0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | −0.0 | 0.0 |
| Birth weight (g) | −0.0 | −0.0 | −0.0 | −0.0 | −0.0 | −0.0 | −0.0 | −0.0 | 0.0 |
| Premature status (yes) | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | −0.0 | 0.0 | −0.0 |
| SBP (mmHg) | −0.2*** | −0.2*** | −0.2*** | −0.2*** | −0.1*** | −0.2*** | −0.2*** | −0.1*** | 0.0 |
| DBP (mmHg) | −0.2*** | −0.1*** | −0.2*** | −0.2*** | −0.2*** | −0.2*** | −0.2*** | −0.1*** | 0.0 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | −0.7*** | −0.4*** | −0.7*** | −0.7*** | −0.7*** | −0.7*** | −0.6*** | −0.6*** | 0.3*** |
| Recording start time (HH:MM) | −0.2*** | −0.2*** | −0.2*** | −0.0 | −0.0 | −0.3*** | −0.2*** | −0.1* | −0.1*** |
| Gonadarche pubertal stage | −0.0 | 0.0 | −0.0 | −0.1** | −0.1** | −0.0 | −0.0 | −0.1* | 0.1** |
| BMI %ilea | 0.0 | −0.0 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | −0.0 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | −0.0 | −0.1+ | −0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | −0.1* | −0.0 | −0.0 | −0.0 |
| Sleep duration (HH:MM) | 0.1* | 0.1+ | 0.1+ | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1* | 0.1+ | 0.1+ | −0.0 |
| Physical activity (yes) | −0.0 | −0.1+ | −0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | −0.1 | −0.0 | 0.0 | −0.1** |
Bold values are statistically significant
SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, mmHG millimeters of mercury, bpm beats per minute; HH:MM hours:minutes
*
p < 0.05;
**
p < 0.01;
***
p < 0.001;
+
p < 0.08