Table 2.

Odds ratios for acute (AP) and chronic pancreatitis (CP) across covariates 1986–2004 (n=36,436)

Characteristics	AP cases^a (n=511)	OR (95%CI)^c	CP cases^a (n=149)	OR (95%CI)^c
BMI kg/m²
Normal weight (<25.0)	171	1	77	1
Overweight (25.0–29.9)	205	1.29 (1.05–1.60)	46	0.67 (0.46–0.97)
Obese (≥30.0)	135	1.35 (1.07–1.70)	26	0.59 (0.37–0.94)
p-trend		0.009		0.01

Smoking status
Never	333	1	82	1
Former	94	1.25 (0.97–1.61)	38	1.59 (1.02–2.47)
Current	78	1.02 (0.81–1.28)	28	1.64 (1.11–2.41)
p-trend		0.13		0.01

Pack-years of smoking
None	333	1	82	1
1–19	55	0.86 (0.65–1.15)	24	1.46 (0.92–2.30)
20–39	66	1.32 (1.01–1.73)	20	1.51 (0.92–2.48)
≥40	46	1.25 (0.91–1.70)	20	2.03 (1.23–3.34)
p-trend		0.06		0.02

Alcohol consumption
No	309	1	88	1
Yes	202	0.85 (0.70–1.02)	61	0.77 (0.55–1.09)

Alcohol, g/day
0	309	1	88	1
0.5–3	91	0.79 (0.62–1.00)	30	0.85 (0.56–1.30)
>3	111	0.91 (0.72–1.15)	31	0.70 (0.45–1.08)
p-trend		0.24		0.10

Total fat intake (g/day)^d
≤48.0	99	1	23	1
48.1–63.3	109	1.19 (0.89–1.59)	39	1.91 (1.10–3.33)
63.4–82.0	127	1.41 (1.03–1.93)	40	2.11 (1.12–3.95)
≥82.1	125	1.53 (1.02–2.31)	30	1.80 (0.76–4.23)
p-trend		0.02		0.13

Saturated fat intake (g/day)^d
≤16.5	97	1	25	1
16.6.1–22.0	111	1.20 (0.90–1.60)	34	1.57 (0.91–2.72)
22.1–28.9	132	1.44 (1.07–1.95)	40	2.01 (1.11–3.66)
≥29.0	120	1.37 (0.94–2.01)	33	1.95 (0.89–4.25)
p-trend		0.05		0.06

Polyunsaturated fat intake (g/day)^d
≤8.1	99	1	26	1
8.2–11.0	105	1.05 (0.79–1.40)	38	1.56 (0.92–2.63)
11.1–14.5	137	1.40 (1.05–1.86)	35	1.55 (0.88–2.74)
>14.5	119	1.26 (0.89–1.79)	33	1.53 (0.76–3.07)
p-trend		0.06		0.25

Monounsaturated fat intake (g/day)^d
≤17.8	103	1		1
17.9–24.0	107	1.06 (0.80–1.41)	25	1.79 (1.05–3.07)
24.1–31.5	127	1.28 (0.95–1.72)	39	1.65 (0.89–3.07)
>31.5	123	1.29 (0.88–1.89)	33	2.09 (0.94–4.64)
p-trend		0.11	35	0.11

Protein intake (g/day)^d
≤59.0	107	1	28	1
59.1–76.3	109	1.00 (0.75–1.32)	34	1.44 (0.84–2.47)
76.4–95.9	130	1.19 (0.89–1.58)	31	1.47 (0.80–2.72)
≥96	114	1.05 (0.73–1.49)	39	2.30 (1.08–4.92)
p-trend		0.51		0.05

Crude fiber intake (g/day)^d
≤13.9	111	1	25	1
14.0–18.4	119	1.03 (0.78–1.34)	36	1.51 (0.88–2.56)
18.5–23.7	116	1.03 (0.78–1.36)	37	1.71 (0.98–2.97)
≥23.8	114	0.98 (0.72–1.33)	34	1.67 (0.87–3.21)
p-trend		0.91		0.11

Carbohydrate intake (g/day)^d
≤160.0	106	1	28	1
160.1–205.4	115	1.08 (0.82–1.42)	39	1.41 (0.84–2.38)
205.5–259.9	119	1.10 (0.82–1.48)	35	1.35 (0.75–2.44)
≥260	120	1.15 (0.79–1.66)	30	1.16 (0.52–2.58)
p-trend		0.47		0.66

Intake of fruits and vegetables (servings/wk)^d
≤15.50	120	1	34	1
15.54–22.49	111	0.92 (0.71–1.20)	30	0.93 (0.56–1.53)
22.50–31.48	117	0.97 (0.74–1.26)	32	0.96 (0.57–1.60)
≥31.5	112	0.89 (0.67–1.18)	36	1.14 (0.66–1.95)
p-trend		0.50		0.65

Intake of red meat (servings/wk)^d
≤2.50	97	1	26	1
3.00–5.00	158	1.10 (0.85–1.42)	34	0.95 (0.56–1.60)
5.25–7.50	107	1.01 (0.76–1.35)	39	1.56 (0.92–2.64)
≥8.00	98	0.92 (0.67–1.25)	33	1.38 (0.75–2.51)
p-trend		0.46		0.11

Heart disease/attack
No	428	1	119	1
Yes	63	1.43 (1.09–1.88)	23	1.94 (1.23–3.06)

Diabetes
No	478	1	140	1
Yes	32	1.01 (0.69–1.47)	9	1.20 (0.60–2.39)

Hypertension
No	274	1	84	1
Yes	226	1.37 (1.14–1.65)	64	1.47 (1.05–2.07)

HRT use
No	289	1	64	1
Yes	219	1.18 (0.99–1.41)	82	1.97 (1.42–2.75)

Aspirin use (times per week)^b
None	94	1	30	1
≤once	107	1.01 (0.76–1.33)	26	0.72 (0.42–1.23)
2–5	75	1.30 (0.95–1.77)	12	0.65 (0.33–1.26)
≥6	102	1.44 (1.08–1.91)	25	1.11 (0.65–1.89)
p-trend		0.04		0.80

Number of AP and CP cases may differ for different variables due to missing values

Assessed in 1992

All models were adjusted for age and the time of Medicare enrollment. The models for BMI and smoking (status and pack-years) were adjusted for each other. All other models were additionally adjusted for BMI, smoking status and pack-years of smoking.

All dietary variables were assessed after (1) excluding people with unreliable dietary data so that there were 132 CP cases and 460 AP cases among 33,183 IWHS participants and (2) additional adjustment for total energy intake.