Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Jun 1.
Published in final edited form as: Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2015 Feb 2;96(6):1088–1097. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2015.01.016

Table 3.

Post hoc statistical results for group*support interaction. For each group kinematic parameters with support at axillae (L1) were compared to support at midribs (L2), waist (L3) and hips (L4). p-value < 0.0125 is shown in bold font.

Medial Lateral Axis
Group Mean angle from midline (°) Root Mean Square (RMS) (°) Mean speed (°/s) Variability of speed (VSP) (°/s)

Confidence Interval
p-value Confidence Interval
p-value Confidence Interval
p-value Confidence Interval
p-value
lower upper lower upper lower upper lower upper

GMFCS IV −1.24 1.74 (L2) 0.74 −0.99 2.04 (L2) 0.53 −0.33 0.58 (L2) −.59 −0.71 0.71 (L2) 0.97
−3.54 −0.47 (L3) 0.008 −3.20 0.004 (L3) 0.038 −0.39 0.54 (L3) 0.73 −1.55 0.084 (L3) 0.033
−4.27 −1.30 (L4) <0.001 −4.11 −1.02 (L4) <0.001 −0.52 0.40 (L4) 0.71 −1.87 −0.44 (L4) 0.003

GMFCS V −4.45 4.68 (L2) 0.98 −3.78 5.18 (L2) 0.82 −0.44 2.16 (L2) 0.17 −0.69 2.98 (L2) 0.24
−4.43 4.79 (L3) 0.95 −3.60 5.45 (L3) 0.69 −0.15 2.45 (L3) 0.086 −1.06 2.64 (L3) 0.37
−4.93 3.72 (L4) 0.88 −4.02 4.52 (L4) 0.93 0.78 3.14 (L4) 0.002 −0.15 3.33 (L4) 0.078

TD-3 −1.69 4.43 (L2) 0.39 −3.68 10.37 (L2) 0.34 −0.55 1.68 (L2) 0.30 −0.65 2.06 (L2) 0.31
2.75 8.78 (L3) <0.001 3.24 16.91 (L3) 0.005 0.54 2.73 (L3) 0.003 0.59 3.24 (L3) 0.006
1.51 7.51 (L4) 0.003 0.10 13.84 (L4) 0.037 5.33 7.50 (L4) <0.001 4.54 7.23 (L4) <0.001

TD-2 −0.40 2.35 (L2) 0.15 −1.30 3.85 (L2) 0.31 −0.09 1.64 (L2) 0.073 −0.33 1.76 (L2) 0.16
0.36 3.10 (L3) 0.012 0.99 6.15 (L3) 0.008 0.25 1.97 (L3) 0.011 −0.28 1.76 (L3) 0.16
0.82 3.51 (L4) 0.002 −0.36 4.72 (L4) 0.10 3.77 5.45 (L4) <0.001 2.74 4.78 (L4) <0.001

TD-1 −0.13 3.42 (L2) 0.68 −1.27 4.91 (L2) 0.230 0.20 1.66 (L2) 0.015 −0.17 1.52 (L2) 0.12
−0.13 3.57 (L3) 0.64 0.34 6.72 (L3) 0.035 0.81 2.37 (L3) <0.001 −0.14 1.64 (L3) 0.11
0.65 4.36 (L4) 0.010 −1.29 5.16 (L4) 0.236 2.88 4.42 (L4) <0.001 1.54 3.34 (L4) <0.001

TD+1 −2.00 1.46 (L2) 0.75 1.16 7.28 (L2) 0.006 0.08 1.37 (L2) 0.026 0.31 2.07 (L2) 0.007
−1.61 1.92 (L3) 0.93 2.50 8.44 (L3) 0.001 0.75 1.99 (L3) <0.001 −0.04 1.62 (L3) 0.061
−1.80 1.73 (L4) 0.95 0.34 6.38 0.029 1.93 3.19 (L4) <0.001 0.59 2.29 (L4) 0.001
Anterior Posterior Axis
Group Mean angle from midline (°) Root Mean Square (RMS) (°) Mean speed (°/s) Variability of speed (VSP) (°/s)

Confidence Interval
p-value Confidence Interval
p-value Confidence Interval
p-value Confidence Interval
p-value
lower upper lower upper lower upper lower upper

GMFCS IV −9.26 −3.74 (L2) <0.001 −8.52 −3.29 (L2) <0.001 −0.30 0.68 (L2) 0.41 −0.74 0.790 (L2) 0.926
−12.15 −6.37 (L3) <0.001 −11.72 −6.39 (L3) <0.001 −0.21 0.78 (L3) 0.26 −1.03 0.53 (L3) 0.50
−10.72 −5.13 (L4) <0.001 −10.39 −5.17 (L4) <0.001 0.09 1.08 (L4) 0.021 −0.85 0.674 (L4) 0.808

GMFCS V −10.36 −0.34 (L2) 0.030 −9.77 −0.27 (L2) 0.032 0.064 3.65 (L2) 0.051 −0.44 5.44 (L2) 0.11
−9.83 0.25 (L3) 0.064 −9.89 0.034 (L3) 0.057 0.017 3.67 (L3) 0.056 −0.51 5.54 (L3) 0.12
−4.46 4.99 (L4) 0.90 −4.54 4.46 (L4) 0.949 1.51 4.94 (L4) <0.001 0.84 6.42 (L4) 0.013

TD-3 −7.91 2.09 (L2) 0.249 −2.58 1.97 (L2) 0.75 −1.56 1.81 (L2) 0.85 −2.56 2.05 (L2) 0.80
−10.16 −0.39 (L3) 0.039 −1.64 2.80 (L3) 0.62 −0.37 2.93 (L3) 0.12 −1.26 3.23 (L3) 0.41
0.55 10.48 (L4) 0.041 5.60 10.12 (L4) <0.001 4.58 7.85 (L4) <0.001 4.88 9.31 (L4) <0.001

TD-2 −7.33 0.19 (L2) 0.06 −2.58 2.25 (L2) 0.83 −1.08 2.11 (L2) 0.53 −2.19 2.27 (L2) 0.93
−12.54 −5.00 (L3) <0.001 −0.79 3.94 (L3) 0.19 −0.54 2.70 (L3) 0.17 −1.58 2.83 (L3) 0.54
−3.34 4.16 (L4) 0.88 4.64 9.36 (L4) <0.001 4.05 7.22 (L4) <0.001 3.87 8.23 (L4) < 0.001

TD-1 −6.70 −0.27 (L2) 0.033 −0.67 2.83 (L2) 0.23 0.09 2.15 (L2) 0.031 −0.40 2.27 (L2) 0.19
−12.62 −5.74 (L3) < 0.001 0.22 3.97 (L3) 0.021 0.46 2.57 (L3) 0.006 −0.99 1.81 (L3) 0.48
−8.39 −1.53 (L4) 0.005 2.33 6.03 (L4) <0.001 2.66 4.82 (L4) <0.001 1.52 4.37 (L4) < 0.001

TD+1 −3.85 2.00 (L2) 0.51 −3.10 0.83 (L2) 0.26 −0.91 1.21 (L2) 0.75 −2.47 0.76 (L2) 0.31
−9.87 −4.10 (L3) < 0.001 −0.94 2.88 (L3) 0.29 −0.30 1.76 (L3) 0.18 −2.13 0.97 (L3) 0.42
−10.07 −4.26 (L4) < 0.001 −0.41 3.41 (L4) 0.13 1.14 3.26 (L4) <0.001 −1.11 2.07 (L4) 0.51

GMFCS = Gross Motor Function Classification Scale; TD-3, TD-2, TD-1 = infants 3 or more, 2 or 1 months before onset of independent sitting, TD+1 = infants within 1 month of achieving independent sitting defined as ability to sit with hands free of support for 60 seconds or more.