Fig 7. Suppression of calpain-1 increased the activity of ATP synthase and protein expression of ATP5D in RVSMCs treated with oxLDL.

RVSMCs were treated with or without oxLDL in the presence or absence of calpain-1 siRNA. The parameters were measured as described in Materials and Methods. A: ATP synthase activity; B: ATP5D protein expression (upper: representative photograph; lower: statistical results). Results were expressed as mean±S.D. n = 4. *: P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.