Table 1.

Plants used for liquor fermentation starter in Sandu County of Guizhou

No.	Chinese name		Shui name	Scientific name	Family name	Life form	Parts used	Frequency	Other value
1	Tuniuxi	土牛膝	ma24dian43	Achyranthes aspera L.	Amaranthaceae	Herb	Leaf	***	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Diuretics; Cold; Fever; Amygdalitis; Mumps
2	Zhonghua-mihoutao	中华猕猴桃	faŋ43ma24	Actinidia chinensis Planch.	Actinidiaceae	Shrub	Leaf	****	The fruit is edible
3	Geyemihoutao	革叶猕猴桃	faŋ43ma24	Actinidia rubricaulis var. coriacea (Finet & Gagnep.) C.F. Liang	Actinidiaceae	Shrub	Leaf, Fruit	***	The fruit is edible
4	Longyacao	龙芽草	ɡa31jun35ɡaŋ42	Agrimonia pilosa Ledeb.	Rosaceae	Herb	Aerial part	*****	Stopping bleed
5	Xingxiang-tu’erfeng	杏香兔儿风	ʨyŋ35laŋ31thu31nu24luŋ42	Ainsliaea fragrans Champ. ex Benth.	Asteraceae	Herb	Aerial part	*****	Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Diuretics; Hematemesis; Traumatic injury
6	Sanyemutong	三叶木通	haŋ31wa24mei33thuŋ55	Akebia trifoliata (Thunb.) Koidz.	Lardizabalaceae	Liana	Leaf	***	Diuretics; Promoting lactation; Loosing bones and muscles; Removing dampness; Arthralgia
7	Ersexiangqing	二色香青	ja55sa43laŋ35ʨhu53	Anaphalis bicolor (Franch.) Diels	Asteraceae	Shrub	Whole plant	**	Removing dampness; Relieving summer-heat; Cough
8	Jinxiancao	金线草	niaŋ55ha24ɡaŋ43	Antenoron filiforme (Thunb.) Roberty & Vautier	Polygonaceae	Herb	Aerial part	****	Dispelling wind and cold; Removing dampness; Relieving pain; Stopping bleed; Eliminating stasis to stop pain
9	Zijinniu	紫金牛	ʨin24niaŋ24kui42	Ardisia japonica (Thunb.) Bl.	Myrsinaceae	Shrub	Aerial part	*****	Phthisis; Hemoptysis; Cough; Tracheitis; Removing dampness; Leukorrhea; Amenorrhoea; Diuretics
10	Qihao	奇蒿	ȵi35ai35	Artemisia anomala S. Moore	Asteraceae	Herb	Aerial part	***	Removing dampness; Promoting blood circulations; Eliminating stasis to stop pain; Irregular menstruation; Relieving pain
11	Hualianxixin	花脸细辛	nu55na55tə35na24	Asarum splendens (F. Maekawa) C. Y. Cheng & C. S. Yang	Aristolochiaceae	Herb	Whole plant	****	Dispelling wind and cold; Relieving pain; Warming lung for dispelling cold
12	Wulingxixin	五岭细辛	wə33nu33 tə35na24	Asarum wulingense C.F. Liang	Aristolochiaceae	Herb	Whole plant	***	Dispelling wind and cold; Relieving pain; Warming lung for dispelling cold
13	Tiejiaojue	铁角蕨	ɕie24pau43tə35	Asplenium trichomanes L.	Aspleniaceae	Herb	Whole plant	**	Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Removing dampness; Stopping bleed; Eliminating stasis to stop pain; Dysentery; Leukorrhea; Irregular menstruation; Backache
14	Ziwan	紫菀	ʨie35yue55	Aster ageratoides Turcz.	Asteraceae	Herb	Aerial part	****	Cold; Cough; Asthma; Consumptive disease; Blood vomitting
15	Sanmaiziwan	三脉紫菀	haŋ43mai35 ʨie35jue55	Aster tataricus L. f.	Asteraceae	Herb	Aerial part	***	Cold; Cough; Asthma; Consumptive disease; Blood vomitting
16	Xianghua	香桦	laŋ24huaˀ55	Betula insignis Franch.	Betulaceae	Tree	Leaf	*****	Cough; Asthma; Eliminating phlegm
17	Baiji	白及	ja43pau43	Bletilla striata (Thunb.) Rchb. f.	Orchidaceae	Herb	Root	*****	Stopping bleed; Anti-swelling agent; Promoting tissue regeneration
18	Laijiangteng	来江藤	daŋ42kui33jau43	Brandisia hancei Hook. f.	Scrophulariaceae	Shrub	Stem, Leaf	*****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Bone fracture; Hepatitis
19	Jinqianbao	金钱豹	niaŋ24ɕie33me43	Campanumoea javanica Bl.	Campanulaceae	Liana	Aerial part	***	Warming spleen and stomach for dispelling cold; Moistening lung to arrest cough; Inducing saliva and slakes thirst; Spleen tonic
20	Yanguantoucao	烟管头草	je31tau24ku33kaŋ43	Carpesium cernuum L.	Asteraceae	Herb	Aerial part	****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Anti-swelling agent; Anti-inflammation; Relieving pain; Cold; Fever; Toothache; Dysentery; Diuretics
21	Diaodenghua	吊灯花	tiau35phau33nuˀ55	Ceropegia trichantha Hemsl.	Asclepiadaceae	Liana	Whole plant	**	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Bone fracture; Hepatitis; Ornamental
22	Rougui	肉桂	nai55kui55	Cinnamomum cassia (L.) D. Don	Lauraceae	Tree	Bark	*****	Relieving pain; Waist and knee pain; Stomachache; Dyspepsia; Amenorrhea; Spice
23	Ganju	柑橘	kaːŋ55	Citrus reticulata Blanco	Rutaceae	Tree	Leaf	*****	Regulating qi-flowing for eliminating phlegm; Promoting blood circulations; Anti-swelling agent; The fruit is edible
24	Dangshen	党参	taŋ24ʂen24	Codonopsis pilosula (Franch.) Nannf.	Campanulaceae	Liana	Aerial part	*****	Invigorating the blood; Spleen and stomach tonic; Weakness; The root is cooking for edible
25	Fanbaocao	饭包草	ma33kai43kei33	Commelina bengalensis L.	Commelinaceae	Herb	Aerial part	***	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Diuretics; Anti-swelling agent; The leaves and stems are cooking as vegetables
26	Xianggang-sizhaohua	香港四照花	ɕi24ʦau43nuˀ55	Cornus hongkongensis Hemsl.	Cornaceae	Tree	Leaf, Fruit	**	Ornamental, The fruit is edible
27	Shamu	杉木	mei35faːi24	Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook.	Taxodiaceae	Tree	Young leaf	***	Construction
28	Qinggang	青冈	mei35khei24	Cyclobalanopsis glauca (Thunb.) Oerst.	Fagaceae	Tree	Fruits, Barks	****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials
29	Yuyancao	鱼眼草	mei35la31kaŋ43	Dichrocephala integrifolia (L. f.) Kuntze	Asteraceae	Herb	Leaf	**	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Rremoving dampness
30	Yeshi	野柿	mei35	Diospyros kaki var. silvestris Makino	Ebenaceae	Tree	Leaf	***	The fruit is edible
31	Hutuizi	胡颓子	nuei35liuˀ55la33	Elaeagnus pungens Thunb.	Elaeagnaceae	Shrub	Leaf, Fruit	*****	Dispelling wind and cold; Removing dampness; Removing blood stasis; Stopping bleed; Traumatic injury
32	Xiangru	香薷	laŋ35ʐu43	Elsholtzia ciliata (Thunb.) Hyl.	Lamiaceae	Herb	Stem, Leaf	***	Relieving exterior and sweating; Removing dampness; Warming spleen and stomach for dispelling cold; Diuretics; Anti-swelling agent
33	Jianyerong	尖叶榕	ɕie43wa24ʐuŋ24	Ficus henryi Warb.	Moraceae	Tree	Leaf, Fruit	****	Cough; Toothache; Removing dampness; The fruit is edible
34	Bili	薜荔	ɕue35li43	Ficus pumila L.	Moraceae	Shrub	Leaf	*****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Expelling damp; Diuretics; The achene is washed for cooking bean jelly
35	Diguo	地果	laŋ43aŋ35	Ficus tikoua Bureau	Moraceae	Herb	Stem, Leaf, Fruit	***	Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Removing dampness; Promoting blood circulations; Clearing away heat and toxic materials; The fruit is edible
36	Qianjinba	千斤拔	ɕie35ʨie43jun33	Flemingia prostrata Roxb.	Fabaceae	Shrub	Leaf	****	Dispelling wind and cold; Removing dampness; Removing blood stasis; Clearing away heat and toxic materials
37	Zhizi	栀子	mei35lə43	Gardenia jasminoides J. Ellis	Rubiaceae	Shrub	Leaf, Fruit	*****	Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Purging intense heat; Herbal tea; Ornamental
38	Weiyebaizhu	尾叶白珠	hen55wa24pa33lei43	Gaultheria griffithiana Wight	Ericaceae	Shrub	Lef	***	Removing dampness; Ornamental
39	Baiguobaizhu	白果白珠	pa33lei43 pa33lei43	Gaultheria leucocarpa Bl.	Ericaceae	Shrub	Leaf	***	Removing dampness; Ornamental
40	Maodadingcao	毛大丁草	ȵi55mo33ɕie43	Gerbera piloselloides (L.) Cass.	Asteraceae	Herb	Whole plant	*****	Clearing internal heat; Anti-inflammatory effects; Cold; Fever; Postpartum dysphoria
41	Dadingcao	大丁草	mo33ɕie43	Gerbera anandria (L.) Sch.-Bip.	Asteraceae	Herb	Whole plant	****	Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Removing dampness; Anti-swelling agent; Bleeding
42	Lubianqing	路边青	ʨia35khun43jy43	Geum aleppicum Jacq.	Rosaceae	Herb	Aerial part	*****	Irregular menstruation; Dispelling wind and cold; Removing dampness; Relieving pain
43	Suanpanzi	算盘子	mei24la33li43	Glochidion puberum (L.) Hutch.	Euphorbiaceae	Shrub	Stem, Leaf, Fruit	*****	Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Removing dampness; Dispelling wind and cold; Loosing bones and muscles; Leukorrhea; Dysmenorrhea
44	Shanxiaoju	山小橘	nu55tə33ʨiu55	Glycosmis pentaphylla (Retz.) DC.	Rutaceae	Tree	Leaf	****	Eliminating stasis to stop pain; Anti-swelling agent; The fruit is edible
45	Nuomituan	糯米团	nu55man33kaŋ43	Gonostegia hirta (Bl. ex Hassk.) Miq.	Urticaceae	Herb	Whole plant	*****	Spleen tonic; Digestion; Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Removing dampness; Anti-swelling agent
46	Xiao’erxiancao	小二仙草	tə33ka33ɕie43kaŋ43	Haloragis micrantha Thunb.	Haloragidaceae	Herb	Whole plant	***	Diuretics; Expelling damp; Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Antidysmenorrhea; Promoting blood circulations
47	Changchunteng	常春藤	ma43lian35man33	Hedera nepalensis K. Koch	Araliaceae	Shrub	Whole plant	*	Dispelling wind and cold; Removing dampness; Promoting blood circulations; Anti-swelling agent; Ornamental
48	Ercao	耳草	khan43kaŋ43	Hedyotis auricularia L.	Rubiaceae	Tree	Leaf	***	Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Removing dampness; Anti-swelling agent
49	Zhiju	枳椇	ɕiu43	Hovenia acerba Lindl.	Rhamnaceae	Tree	Leaf, Fruit	****	Promoting blood circulations; Eliminating stasis to stop pain; Clearing heat and expelling damp; Asthma; Ornamental; Fence
50	Kuanluanye-changbing-shanmahuang	宽卵叶长柄山蚂蝗	sɿ33mi43	Hylodesmum podocarpum subsp. fallax (Schindl.) H. Ohashi & R.R. Mill	Fabaceae	Herb	Leaf	***	Dispelling wind and cold; Loosing bones and muscles; Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Anti-swelling agent; Traumatic injury; Removing dampness; Backache
51	Jianyechangbing-shanmahuang	尖叶长柄山蚂蝗	sɿ33mi43	Hylodesmum podocarpum subsp. oxyphyllum (DC.) H. Ohashi & R.R. Mill	Fabaceae	Herb	Leaf	***	Dispelling wind and cold; Loosing bones and muscles; Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Anti-swelling agent; Traumatic injury; Removing dampness
52	Tianjihuang	田基黄	khui33wan33tin43	Hypericum japonicum Thunb.	Clusiaceae	Herb	Aerial part	****	Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Removing dampness; Promoting blood circulations; Anti-swelling agent
53	Yuanbaocao	元宝草	juan24pin33 kaŋ43	Hypericum sampsonii Hance	Clusiaceae	Herb	Whole plant	***	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Restoring menstrual flow; Loosing bones and muscles; Stopping bleed; Fever; Dysentery; Irregular menstruation,Leukorrhea
54	Baimao	白茅	hai33pa43	Imperata cylindrica (L.) P. Beauv.	Poaceae	herb	Root, Stem	*****	Stopping bleed; Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Diuretics
55	Jianyemulan	尖叶木蓝	wa24ɕie43mei35ʨhu43	Indigofera zollingeriana Miq.	Fabaceae	Shrub	Young stem, Leaf	***	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Removing blood stasis; Stopping bleed
56	Yang’erju	羊耳菊	ma35hai55	Inula cappa (Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don) DC.	Asteraceae	Shrub	Aerial part	****	Dispelling wind and cold; Anti-swelling agent; Relieving pain
57	Yuanwei	鸢尾	wa24liu43	Iris tectorum Maxim.	Iridaceae	Herb	Root, Stem	****	Promoting blood circulations; Removing blood stasis; Dispelling wind and cold; Removing dampness; Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Digestion; Ornamental
58	Nanwuweizi	南五味子	nai43wo24wei24la43	Kadsura longipedunculata Finet & Gagnep.	Schisandraceae	Liana	Whole plant	****	Astringent; Inducing saliva and slakes thirst; Notifying kidney and spleen; The fruit is edible
59	Huorongcao	火绒草	jy33mau43kaŋ43	Leontopodium leontopodioides (Willd. ) Beauv.	Asteraceae	Herb	Whole plant	***	Clearing away heat and toxic materials
60	Yimucao	益母草	mai33kaŋ43	Leonurus japonicus Houtt.	Lamiaceae	Herb	Young stem, Leaf	*****	Promoting blood circulations; Removing blood stasis; Diuretics; Anti-dysmenorrhea
61	Yebaihe	野百合	nu33pa43	Lilium brownii F.E. Brown ex Miell.	Liliaceae	Herb	Bulb	****	Moistening lung to arrest cough; Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Tranquilizing the mind; Diuretics; The bulb is edible
62	Shanjijiao	山鸡椒	ɕiu43	Litsea cubeba (Lour.) Pers.	Lauraceae	Shrub	Leaf	*****	Warming spleen and stomach for dispelling cold; Dispelling wind and cold; Anti-swelling agent; Spice
63	Liuyerendong	柳叶忍冬	ha33tiau33ʨi33tin43kə33	Lonicera lanceolata Wall.	Caprifoliaceae	Tree	Stem, Leaf, flower	****	None
64	Danzhuye	淡竹叶	wa33fan55	Lophatherum gracile Brongn.	Poaceae	Herb	Whole plant	*****	Reducing pathogenic fire; Fever; Diuretics; Herbal tea
65	Haijinsha	海金沙	miau33nu33ka55	Lygodium japonicum (Thunb.) Sw.	Lygodiaceae	Herb	Aerial part	*****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Removing dampness; Relieving pain Urinary tract infections; Hepatitis; Nephritis edema; Diarrhea
66	Xiaoguo-shidagonglao	小果十大功劳	laŋ33tə33suŋ33ta33kuŋ33lau24	Mahonia bodinieri Gagnep.	Berberidaceae	Shrub	Whole plant	*****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Anti-swelling agent; Antidiarrheic; Dysentery; Hepatitis; Ornamental
67	Diren	地菍	lai33ʐ24	Melastoma dodecandrum Lour.	Melastomaceae	Shrub	Aerial part	*****	Removing toxicity; The fruit is edible
68	Shiqizhu	石荠苎	tin43ʨi33han24	Mosla scabra (Thunb.) C.Y. Wu & H.W. Li	Lamiaceae	Herb	Aerial part	*****	Cold; Malaria; Constipation; Hemafecia; Bleeding; Traumatic injury
69	Yangmei	杨梅	hai24	Myrica rubra (Lour.) Sieb. & Zucc.	Myricaceae	Tree	Leaf, Fruit	*****	Inducing saliva and slakes thirst; Digestion; The fruit is edible
70	Shenjue	肾蕨	ȵi33ʨian43	Nephrolepis biserrata (Sw.) Schott	Davalliaceae	Herb	Whole plant	*****	Cold; Fever; Cough; Tuberculosis; Dysentery; Enteritis; The tuber is edible
71	Xiaohuaihua	小槐花	nu33mei33suŋ43	Ohwia caudata (Thunb.) H. Ohashi	Fabaceae	Shrub	Leaf	*****	Hepatoprotective
72	Yezhiwei-jinfenjue	野雉尾金粉蕨	ȵin24ja33to24	Onychium japonicum (Thunb.) Kze.	Pteridaceae	Herb	Aerial part	***	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Removing dampness; Stopping bleed; The leaves are cooked as vegetables
73	Jishiteng	鸡矢藤	jau33kai24	Paederia foetida L.	Rubiaceae	Liana	Aerial part	*****	Dispelling wind and cold; Removing dampness; Digestion; Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Anti-swelling agent; Promoting blood circulations; Relieving pain
74	Jinxiangcao	锦香草	laŋ24kaŋ43	Phyllagathis cavaleriei (Levl. et Van.) Guillaum.	Melastomaceae	Shrub	Whole plant	*****	Reducing pathogenic fire; Tonic
75	Changmang-jinxiangcao	长芒锦香草	kai24laŋ24kaŋ43	Phyllagathis longiradiosa C. Chen	Melastomaceae	Shrub	Leaf	***	Clearing away heat and toxic materials
76	Shanju	山蒟	man33luŋ24	Piper hancei Maxim.	Piperaceae	Liana	Aerial part	*****	Dispelling wind and cold; Removing dampness; Activating collaterals
77	Pingcheqian	平车前	ma43ma35	Plantago depressa Willd.	Plantaginaceae	Herb	Aerial part	*****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Diuretics; The whole plants is cooked as vegetables
78	Jiegeng	桔梗	haŋ33tie24	Platycodon grandiflorus (Jacq.) A. DC.	Campanulaceae	Herb	Root	*****	Cough;Eliminating phlegm; Ornamental
79	Guazijin	瓜子金	ha33ɣə33ti33	Polygala japonica Houtt.	Polygalaceae	Herb	Aerial part	*****	Promoting blood circulations; Eliminating stasis to stop pain; Eliminating phlegm and relieve cough; Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Relieving pain
80	Laliao	辣蓼	lie24liauˀ55	Polygonum hydropiper L.	Polygonaceae	Herb	Aerial part	*****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Eliminating stasis to stop pain;stopping bleed; Dysentery; Traumatic injury; Spice
81	Machixian	马齿苋	ma33jun33ȵie24	Portulaca oleracea L.	Portulacaceae	Herb	Aerial part	*****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Promoting circulation and removing stasis; Anti-swelling agent; The aerial part is cooked as vegetabl
82	Shiganzi	石柑子	tin33kai33la55	Pothos chinensis (Raf.) Merr.	Araceae	Liana	Stems, Leaf	****	Dispelling wind and cold; Removing dampness; Promoting blood circulations; Eliminating stasis to stop pain; Digestion; Cough
83	Ge	葛	pei33hai55	Pueraria montana (Lour.) Merr.	Fabaceae	Liana	Leaf	*****	Fever; Inducing saliva and slakes thirst; Inducing saliva and slakes thirst; Antidiarrheic; Kudzu powder is edible
84	Wannianqing	万年青	ɕin33pe31ʨhiu55	Rohdea japonica (Thunb.) Roth	Liliaceae	Herb	Leaf	****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Eliminating stasis to stop pain; Relieving pain
85	Cili	刺梨	nei24	Rosa roxburghii Tratt.	Rosaceae	Shrub	Fruit	*****	Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Inducing saliva and slakes thirst; Digestion; The fruit is edible
86	Jinyingzi	金樱子	ȵy33məŋ33ja43	Rosa laevigata Michx.	Rosaceae	Shrub	Leaf, Fruit	*****	Promoting blood circulations; Eliminating stasis to stop pain; Dispelling wind and cold; Removing dampness; Clearing away heat and toxic; The fruit is ediblematerials
87	Cuyexuangouzi	粗叶悬钩子	luei31wa24lauˀ55	Rubus alceaefolius Poir.	Rosaceae	Shrub	Root, Leaf	***	Promoting blood circulations; Removing blood stasis; Heat-clearing and detoxifying effect; Stopping bleed; The fruit is edible
88	Shanmei	山莓	tuŋ33kaˀ55	Rubus corchorifolius L. f.	Rosaceae	Shrub	Stem, Leaf, Fruit	****	Promoting blood circulations; Stopping bleed; Dispelling wind and cold; Removing dampness; The fruit is edible
89	Tuoyuan-xuangouzi	椭圆悬钩子	lun33laŋ24ku33lu33	Rubus ellipticus Sm.	Rosaceae	Shrub	Young stem, Leaf	***	Anti-swelling agent; Relieving pain; Antidiarrheic; The fruit is edible
90	Huangguo-xuangouzi	黄果悬钩子	lun33laŋ24man33	Rubus xanthocarpus Bureau & Franch.	Rosaceae	Shrub	Leaf	***	Anti-inflammatory effects; Relieving pain; The fruit is edible
91	Hongpaociteng	红泡刺藤	jau43lun33han33	Rubus niveus Thunb.	Rosaceae	Shrub	Leaf, Fruit	****	Dispelling wind and cold; Removing dampness; Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Dysentery; The fruit is edible
92	Daxueteng	大血藤	ma31len24ʨieˀ55	Sargentodoxa cuneata (Oliv.) Rehder & E.H. Wilson	Lardizabalaceae	Liana	Stem, Leaf	****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Promoting blood circulations; Dredging collaterals; Dispelling wind and cold; Convulsive disease
93	Xiaoxueteng	小血藤	ma31jiu43 ʨieˀ55	Schisandra propinqua (Wall.) Baillon	Schisandraceae	Liana	Aerial part	****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Anti-swelling agent; Eliminating stasis to stop pain; Stopping bleed
94	Tiegusan	铁箍散	ɕin33nuei33ku33san33	Schisandra propinqua subsp. sinensis (Oliv.) R.M.K. Saunders	Schisandraceae	Liana	Stem, Leaf, Fruit	****	Dispelling wind and cold; Promoting blood circulations; Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Anti-swelling agent; Relieving pain; Irregular menstruation
95	Sanmaibaqia	三脉菝葜	fa24mə33en24	Smilax trinervula Miqual	Liliaceae	Shrub	Leaf	****	None
96	Citianqie	刺天茄	suŋ31wən24ʨia24	Solanum violaceum Ortega	Solanaceae	Shrub	Leaf	***	Anti-inflammatory effects; Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Relieving pain
97	Baitan	白檀	pa33than24	Symplocos paniculata Miq.	Symplocaceae	Shrub	Leaf	*****	Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Removing blood stasis; Dispelling wind and cold
98	Hongdoushan	红豆杉	mei24nu33	Taxus wallichiana Zucc. var. chinensis (Pilg.) Florin	Taxaceae	Tree	Young leaf	*****	Digestion; Ascariasis; Ornamental
99	Qinglichai	青篱柴	ʨhiu24li33lin24	Tirpitzia sinensis (Hemsl.) Hallier f.	Linaceae	Shrub	Stem, leaf	***	Anti-swelling agent; Relieving pain; Bone fracture; Ornamental
100	Xiangchun	香椿	mei24ȵiu43	Toona sinensis (A. Juss.) M. Roem.	Meliaceae	Tree	Leaf	*****	Cold; Removing dampness; Stomachache; Dysentery; The leaves is cooked as vegetable
101	Mabiancao	马鞭草	ma24pian33kaŋ43	Verbena officinalis L.	Verbenaceae	Herb	Aerial part	*****	Promoting blood circulations; Eliminating stasis to stop pain; Malaria; Clearing away heat and toxic materials; Diuretics; Anti-swelling agent
102	Lanshu	蓝树	mei24ʨhiu24	Wrightia laevis Hook. f.	Apocynaceae	Tree	Leaf	*****	Traumatic injury; Stopping bleed; Dye plant
103	Huajiao	花椒	ɕiu24	Zanthoxylum bungeanum Maxim.	Rutaceae	Tree	Leaf	*****	Digestion; Relieving pain; Insecticidal; Anti-itch; Spice

Frequency: ***** > 75% of respondents; **** > 50% of respondents; *** > 25% of respondents; ** > 12.5% of respondents; * < 12.5% of respondents, but at least 5 respondents

(Ranked by scientific names alphabetically, followed by generic and species names)