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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2015 Jun 6.
Published in final edited form as: Compr Physiol. 2013 Apr;3(2):741–783. doi: 10.1002/cphy.c110054

Table 3.

Amino Acid Transport Systems in the Mammalian Intestine [Data From Table 1 of Reference (41)]

Systema Solute carrier
(SLC) group
Amino acids
transportedc
Transport properties Location
Neutral amino acids (AA0)
B0 B0AT1 SLC6A19 All AA0 AA0/Na+ symport Apical
ASC ASCT2 SLC1A5 A, S, C, T, Q AA0 antiporter (no net AA0 uptake of
L 4F2hc/LAT22 SLC3A2/SLC7A8 All AA0 except P Na+ independent transport Basolateral
T TATI SLC16A19 F, Y, W
Cationic amino acids (AA+)
b0,+ rBAT/b0,+ATb SLC3A1/SLC7A9 R, K, O, cystine AA+ or cystine (uptake)/AA0 (efflux) antiport Apical
y+L 4F2hc/y+LAT1b SLC3A2/SLC7A7 K, R AA+ (efflux)/AA0 antiport Basolateral
4F2hc/y+LAT2b SLC3A2/SLC7A6 K, R, C
Anionic amino acids (AA)
XAG EAAT3 SLC1A1 E, D AA/3Na+ symport Apical
Proline and glycine
IMINO IMINO SLC6A20 P, HO-P P/Na+ symport Apical
PAT PAT1 SLC36A1 P, G, A P or G/H+ symportd
a

The systems of Christensen (left), originally developed for amino acid transporters in non-epithelial cells; and alternative systems names developed for epithelial cells.

b

Heterodimeric amino acid transporters, comprising two subunits: heavy chain (rBAT or 4F2hc) and light chain. The light chain confers transport activity, and heavy chain mediates localization of the complex to the cell membrane.

c

Standard single-letter abbreviations for amino acids (O: ornithine; HO-P: hydroxyproline).

d

Also reported to transport dipeptides gly-gly and gly-gly mimetics (164).