Dynamin oligomerization ameliorates proteinuria due to diabetic nephropathy. (a) Proteinuria in 129X1/SvJ mice determined by analysis of spot urine samples after STZ-induced diabetes. Sixteen weeks after STZ injection (D0), animals were injected with either DMSO (1%, vehicle) or Bis-T-23 (20 mg/kg) once a day for 8 consecutive days (D8) (n = 8 male mice per condition). Error bars, mean ± SD (**P ≤ 0.01; unpaired t-test). (b) Representative images of glomeruli stained with PAS (n = 50 glomeruli), stained with Toluidine blue (n = 15 glomeruli), by TEM (n = 15 glomeruli) and by immunofluorescence using anti-collagen IV antibody (n = 50 glomeruli). Glomeruli were isolated from control and diabetic animals treated with either DMSO (1%, vehicle) or Bis-T-23 (40 mg/kg) for 8 days, D8 in a. Scale bars, 20 μm (images showing PAS, Toluidine blue and collagen IV staining) and 5 μm (TEM images). (c) Glomerular collagen IV expression in glomeruli from the indicated mice quantified in a blind manner: 1, very mild; 2 mild; 3, moderate; 4, intense; 5 for very intense. Error bars, mean ± SD (**P ≤ 0.01; unpaired t-test). (d) Blood glucose levels in animals used in a. Error bars, mean ± SD. ***P ≤ 0.001; unpaired t-test. NS, not statistically significant.