. 2015 Jul;105(7):1482–1488. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302539

TABLE 3—

Measures of Health Status at 12-Month Follow-Up in Housed Versus Homeless Participants: Boston, MA, January–June 2010

	Mean Value of Outcome, Adjusted (95% CI)^a
Measures	Homeless	Housed	P
No. of ADL difficulties (range = 0–5)	0.4 (0.3, 0.6)	0.6 (0.4, 0.7)	.3
No. of IADL difficulties (range = 0–6)	1.9 (1.5, 2.3)	1.6 (1.1, 2.0)	.27
Depressive symptoms (range = 0–27)^b	7.6 (6.7, 8.4)	6.0 (5.1, 7.0)	.02
Symptoms of urinary incontinence (range = 0–21)^c	3.7 (3.0, 4.4)	2.9 (2.1, 3.8)	.17

Note. ADL = activity of daily living; CI = confidence interval; IADL = instrumental activity of daily living.

^{^a}

Multivariable linear regression models adjusted for the baseline value of each primary measure and for potential confounders including demographic characteristics (age, gender, race/ethnicity, education), medical conditions at baseline (Charlson Comorbidity Index score, lifetime history of depression, alcohol use problems, drug use problems), and usual source of medical care. Results of unadjusted analyses were very similar to adjusted analyses and are not presented.

^{^b}

Depressive symptoms measured using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (range = 0–27; lower scores indicate fewer symptoms).

^{^c}

Symptoms of urinary incontinence measured using the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire (range = 0–21; lower scores indicate fewer symptoms).