Table 3.
Clinical measures by Response to EPDS Item 10
| The thought of harming myself has occurred to me | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | Never | Hardly | Sometimes/ Often |
Test statistic | p | Pair-wise comparison | ||||
| Clinical Variable | (N = 628) | (N = 496) | (N = 98) | (N = 34) | N v H | N v S | H v S | |||
| Primary diagnosis | P < 0.01 | 0.9524 | ||||||||
| Depressive Disorders | 568 (90.4) | 446 (78.5) | 90 (15.8) | 32 (5.6) | ||||||
| Anxiety Disorders | 39 (6.2) | 32 (82.1) | 6 (15.4) | 1 (2.6) | ||||||
| Substance use | 3 (0.5) | 3 (100) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||||||
| Other | 5 (0.8) | 4 (80.0) | 1 (20.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||||||
| None | 13 (2.1) | 11 (84.6) | 1 (7.7) | 1 (7.7) | ||||||
| # comorbid psychiatric diagnoses | 1.01 ± 1.07 | 0.96 ± 1.04 | 1.32 ± 1.18 | 1.00 ± 1.02 | H(2) = 8.21 | 0.0165 | 0.004* | 0.722 | 0.199 | |
| Physically abused as a child | X2(2) = 5.99 | 0.0501 | ||||||||
| Yes | 102 (16.6) | 73 (71.6) | 19 (18.6) | 10 (9.8) | ||||||
| No | 514 (83.4) | 413 (80.4) | 78 (15.2) | 23 (4.5) | ||||||
| Sexually abused as a child | X2(2) = 0.49 | 0.7827 | ||||||||
| Yes | 129 (20.9) | 99 (76.7) | 22 (17.1) | 8 (6.2) | ||||||
| No | 487 (79.1) | 387 (79.5) | 75 (15.4) | 25 (5.1) | ||||||
| Physically abused as an adult | X2(2) = 0.16 | 0.9236 | ||||||||
| Yes | 186 (30.2) | 147 (79.0) | 30 (16.1) | 9 (4.8) | ||||||
| No | 430 (69.8) | 339 (78.8) | 67 (15.6) | 24 (5.6) | ||||||
| Sexually abused as an adult | X2(2) = 3.52 | 0.172 | ||||||||
| Yes | 68 (11.0) | 49 (72.1) | 16 (23.5) | 3 (4.4) | ||||||
| No | 548 (89.0) | 437 (79.7) | 81 (14.8) | 30 (5.5) | ||||||
| Onset of current episode | X2(4) = 11.8 | 0.019 | 0.814 | 0.003* | 0.016* | |||||
| Pre-pregnancy | 213 (33.9) | 162 (76.1) | 32 (15.0) | 19 (8.9) | ||||||
| Pregnancy | 280 (44.6) | 231 (82.5) | 43 (15.4) | 6 (2.1) | ||||||
| Post-partum | 135 (21.5) | 103 (76.3) | 23 (17.0) | 9 (6.7) | ||||||
| N chronic medical conditions | 3.19±2.13 | 3.13 ± 2.10 | 3.59 ± 2.31 | 2.89 ± 1.94 | H(2) = 2.88 | 0.2364 | ||||
| SIGH-ADS29 | 19.6±6.23 | 19.3 ± 6.10 | 20.5 ± 6.50 | 21.1 ± 6.97 | F(2,625) = 2.61 | 0.074 | ||||
| Sum of SIGH-ADS29 insomnia items1 | 2.39 ±1.38 | 2.39 ± 1.35 | 2.37 ± 1.47 | 2.50 ± 1.56 | H(2) = 0.17 | 0.9187 | ||||
| Disturbed sleep symptoms subscale2 | 4.67 ±1.93 | 4.57 ± 1.86 | 4.82 ± 2.02 | 5.65 ± 2.29 | F(2,625) =3.71 | 0.0050 | 0.247 | 0.001* | 0.048 | |
| Sum of SIGH-ADS29 anxiety items3 |
5.15 ±1.83 | 5.15 ± 1.82 | 5.18 ± 1.86 | 5.12 ± 1.92 | F(2,595) = 0.02 | 0.9790 | ||||
| Anxiety symptoms subscale4 | 7.45 ± 2.24 | 7.35 ± 2.23 | 7.78 ± 2.27 | 7.91 ± 2.23 | F(2,625) = 2.23 | 0.1087 | ||||
| GAF | 60.7±6.92 | 61.2 ± 6.92 | 58.8 ± 6.49 | 59.0 ± 7.09 | F(2,625) = 5.77 | 0.0033 | 0.002* | 0.088 | 0.836 | |
Abbreviations GAF Global assessment of Function; SIGH-ADS Structured interview guide for the Hamilton rating scale for depression with atypical depression supplement.
SIGH-ADS Sleep symptoms = early, middle and late insomnia (items H6, H7 and H8, respectively), hypersomnia (item A6) and WASO>20 minutes.
Disturbed sleep 6-point composite subscale = five SIGH-ADS Sleep items plus EPDS item 7 “I’ve been so unhappy I’ve had difficulty sleeping”
SIGH-ADS Anxiety items = agitation, psychic anxiety, somatic symptoms, hypochondriasis and obsessive thoughts or compulsive behaviors (items H17, H12, H13, H14 and H21 respectively)
Anxiety 7-point composite subscale = SIGH-ADS Anxiety items plus EPDS items 4 and 5 for symptoms of “I’ve been anxious or worried for no good reason and “I’ve felt scared or panicky for no very good reason”, respectively.
Significant after Bonferroni correction.