Table 1.
Description of Sample, N = 291
| Variable | With NEC N = 29 |
Without NEC N = 262 |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Birth weight (g), M ± SD | 1050 ± 200 | 1065 ± 261 | 0.768 |
| Gestational age (wks), M ± SD | 27.7 ± 2.2 | 28.2 ± 2.4 | 0.231 |
| Male, n (%) | 24 (83) | 132 (50) | <0.001 |
| Quality improvement phase, n (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Baseline (2/1/08 – 11/30/09) | 17 (59) | 128 (49) | |
| Phase 1 (12/1/09 – 5/31/10) | 9 (31) | 25 (10) | |
| Phase 2 (6/1/10 – 10/31/12) | 3 (10) | 109 (42) | |
| Duration of initial antibiotic course, n (%) | 0.351 | ||
| 0 days | 0 (0) | 15 (6) | |
| 1–4 days | 12 (41) | 116 (44) | |
| 5+ days | 17 (59) | 131 (50) | |
| Maternal race, n (%) | 0.936 | ||
| Black/African American | 16 (55) | 137 (52) | |
| White/Other | 5 (17) | 52 (20) | |
| Hispanic | 8 (28) | 73 (28) | |
| Small for gestational age | 4 (14) | 62 (24) | 0.228 |
| Days to full feeding | 21.7 ± 22.0 | 15.2 ± 10.4 | 0.132 |
| DOL 1–14 average mL/kg/d HM, M ± SD | 25.7 ± 17.9 | 30.0 ± 28.1 | 0.254 |
| DOL 1–14 cumulative percent HM, M ± SD | 80 ± 31 | 81 ± 33 | 0.943 |
| Any formula by DOL 14, n (%) | 14 (48) | 99 (38) | 0.271 |
| DOL of first formula, for infants with formula by DOL 14, M ± SD | 6.9 ± 3.6 | 6.9 ± 4.2 | 0.992 |
| Any human milk fortifier by DOL 14, n (%) | 11 (38) | 95 (36) | 0.859 |
| Formula and human milk fortifier by DOL 14, n (%) | 8(28) | 41 (16) | 0.103 |
Notes: M = mean; SD = standard deviation; DOL = day of life; NICU = neonatal intensive care unit; HM = human milk