Table 1.
Summary of pupillary measures [mean (standard deviation)] for placebo, dapiprazole, and tropicamide sessions as a function of task condition.
| Placebo | Dapiprazole | Tropicamide | |
|---|---|---|---|
| (block dilator) | (block sphincter) | ||
| Initial diameter (mm) | |||
| No Task | 6.122 (1.121) | 5.268 (1.211) | 7.842 (1.028) |
| Add 1 | 6.321 (1.176) | 5.507 (1.215) | 7.836 (0.989) |
| Subtract 7 | 6.742 (1.101) | 5.727 (1.068) | 7.912 (0.999) |
| Constriction amplitude (mm) | |||
| No Task | 0.956 (0.460) | 0.867 (0.365) | 0.021∗ |
| Add 1 | 0.903 (0.475) | 0.885 (0.436) | 0.048∗ |
| Subtract 7 | 0.731 (0.446) | 0.799 (0.409) | 0.060∗ |
| % Change (constriction/initial diameter × 100) | |||
| No Task | 15.62%∗ | 16.46%∗ | 0.27%∗ |
| Add 1 | 14.29%∗ | 16.07%∗ | 0.61%∗ |
| Subtract 7 | 10.84%∗ | 13.95%∗ | 0.76%∗ |
| Start of constriction (msec) | |||
| No Task | 342.2 (42.5) | 343.4 (38.5) | 424∗ |
| Add 1 | 351.4 (38.7) | 337.2 (36.0) | 408∗ |
| Subtract 7 | 355.1 (38.3) | 345.2 (30.7) | 360∗ |
| End of constriction (msec) | |||
| No Task | 1048.0 (182.4) | 952.0 (152.7) | 808∗ |
| Add 1 | 1018.5 (204.4) | 918.2 (97.8) | 816∗ |
| Subtract 7 | 1099.1 (104.8) | 872.6 (70.9) | 824∗ |
| Latency to 50% recovery of initial diameter (msec) | |||
| No Task | 1872.83 (527.2) | 1788.41 (201.2) | — |
| Add 1 | 1703.45 (598.6) | 1690.21 (438.1) | — |
| Subtract 7 | 1608.0 (559.3) | 1599.72 (421.3) | — |
∗Values obtained from grand means across subjects.
—: no data available as changes too small to assess.