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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2016 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Gene. 2015 May 9;567(1):12–21. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2015.04.088

Table 1.

Potential antiatherosclerotic mechanisms of PON1

Mechanism Reference
Prevention of LDL and cell membrane oxidation 20, 60–65, 68
Prevention of LDL Glycation 95
Prevention of diabetes development 80, 81
Reduction of macrophage oxidative stress 73
Promotion of macrophage RCT 69, 73
Normalisation of endothelial function 58, 75
Metabolism of homocysteine thiolactones+ 96–98
Prevention of LCAT oxidative inactivation 99
Disposal of toxic apoptosis products 93
Prevention of apoptosis 94
Reduction of monocyte macrophage inflammatory response 101, 102
+

A physiological role for PON1 in the detoxication of homocysteine thiolactone (HCTL) has recently been challenged with the discovery that biphenyl hydrolase-like protein has a catalytic efficiency towards HCTL 7.7 × 104 M−1 s−1 greater than PON1 indicating it to be the physiological detoxicant [100].