Table 1.

Determinants of non adherence to HAART in HIV-infected patients (N=2065^*). IeDEA West Africa collaboration, 2007–2008

	Number of patients	Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	Non adherent † / Exposed	OR	95% CI	P	OR	95% CI	P
Country				<10−3			0.07
Benin	23 / 335	1	1		1
Côte d’Ivoire	165 / 1603	1.6	1.1 – 2.4		1.4	0.9 – 2.3
Mali	3 / 127	0.3	0.1 – 1.1		0.3	0.1 – 1.1
Gender				0.99			0.71
Women	134 / 1463	1			1
Men	57 / 602	1.0	0.7 – 1.3		0.9	0.7 – 1.4
Age (years)				0.43			0.45
18–30	27 / 348	1			1
30–40	93 / 927	1.3	0.8 – 2.1		1.3	0.8 – 2.1
40 and over	71 / 790	1.0	0.7 – 1.9		1.1	0.7 – 1.8
Formal education				0.99			0.35
none	48 / 499	1			1
primary	60 / 653	1.0	0.7 – 1.4		0.9	0.6 – 1.4
secondary and over	83 / 913	1.0	0.7 – 1.4		0.7	0.5 – 1.1
Marital status				0.18			0.67
Married, cohabitant	93 / 1060	1
Single, widowed, divorced	90 / 940	1.2	0.9 – 1.7		1.1	0.7 – 1.4
Alcohol use				<10−4			<10−4
None	112 / 1439	1			1
Present drinkers ‡	60 / 557	1.7	1.3 – 2.3		1.4	1.1 – 2.0
Hazardous drinkers ∫	19 / 69	5.0	3.0 – 8.4		4.7	2.6 – 8.6
Immunological status at HAART initiation				0.80			0.66
CD4 cell count ≥ 50	158 / 1695	1			1
CD4 cell count < 50	33 / 370	0.9	0.6 – 1.4		1.0	0.7 – 1.6
History of adherence counselling				0.03			0.03
No	82 / 745	1			1
Yes	109/1320	0.7	0.6 – 0.9		0.7	0.5 – 0.9
HAART duration				0.45			0.98
1 month to 2 years	63 / 650	1			1
2 to 3 years	79 / 850	1.2	0.9 – 1.6		1.0	0.7 – 1.4
≥ 4 years	49 / 565	1.1	0.8 – 1.6		0.9	0.6 – 1.4

^*71% of the 2920 interviewed subjects for whom clinical information was retrieved from the IeDEA West Africa data base

^†non-adherence defined by taking less than 95% of their HAART treatment assessed by the ACTG, 4-days recall, follow-up questionnaire

^‡Patients who declared consuming alcohol within the past year

^∫hazardous drinkers defined by an AUDIT score of 8 points or more.

HAART: Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment, OR: Odds Ratio, CI: Confidence Interval.