Table 1.
Effects of volatile anesthetics on oxidative stress and inflammation in cells.
| Disease model | Stimulus | Cells | Anesthetics | Effect | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sepsis | LPS | HUVEC (human) | Sevoflurane | Anti-inflammatory effects | [27] |
|
| |||||
| Acute lung injury | LPS | AEC (rat) | Sevoflurane | Anti-inflammatory effects | [28] |
|
| |||||
| MODS | Zymosan | Kupffer cells (murine) | Isoflurane | Antioxidant effects | [18] |
| Anti-inflammatory effects | |||||
|
| |||||
| Inflammation | TNF-α | Monocytic THP-1 (human) | Sevoflurane, isoflurane | Anti-inflammatory effects | [29] |
|
| |||||
| POCD | LPS | Microglial BV-2 (murine) | Sevoflurane, isoflurane | No effect on cytokine levels | [30] |
|
| |||||
| Neuron injury | OGD | SH-SY5Y (human) | Isoflurane | Increased neuronal cell death | [31] |
LPS, lipopolysaccharides; HUVEC, human vascular endothelial cells; AEC, alveolar epithelial cells; MODS, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α, POCD, postoperative cognitive dysfunction; OGD, oxygen-glucose deprivation.