Table 4. H&E and Immunohistochemistry Assessment of other SN Pathologies. The table shows the types and frequencies of co-occurring brain pathologies in the SN of Dys and C subjects. Co-occurring brain pathologies were assessed by specific immunohistochemistry protocols for the following antigens: 1–42 β-amyloid, hyperphosphorylated-tau, α-synuclein, ubiq, and phosphorylated-TDP43. The lesions considered were 1–42 β-amyloid diffuse and neuritic plaques, hyperphosphorylated-tau positive NFTs, tau threads, and ubiq- and phosphorylated-TDP43-positive intraneuronal cytoplasmic inclusions.
| Case# | 1–42 β-amyloid | Hyperphosphorylated-tau | α-synuclein | Ubiq-cytopl. incl./MB | Phosphorylated-TDP43 | H&E |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 (Dys) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 2 (Dys) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Pos | Neg | Normal |
| 3 (Dys) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Pos | Neg | Intimal thickening |
| 4 (Dys) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 5 (Dys) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Microhemorrhages |
| 6 (Dys) | Neg | NFT and Th (sparse), tau-glia | Neg | Neg/Pos | Neg | Normal |
| 7 (Dys) | Neg | NFT and Th (moderate) | Neg | Neg/Pos | Neg | Normal |
| 8 (Dys) | Neg | Th (moderate) | Pos (sparse) | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 9 (Dys) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 10 (Dys) | Neg | NFT (rare) | Pos (rare) | Neg/Pos | Neg | Normal |
| 11 (Dys) | Neg | Th (sparse), pre-NFT (rare) | Pos (rare) | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 12 (Dys) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Intimal thickening |
| 13 (Dys) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Pos | Neg | Intimal thickening |
| 14 (C) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 15 (C) | Neg | Th (sparse) | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 16 (C) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 17 (C) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 18 (C) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 19 (C) | Neg | Th (rare) | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 20 (C) | Neg | NFT (rare) | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Hyperemia |
| 21 (C) | Neg | Th (rare) | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 22 (C) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Pos | Neg | Normal |
| 23 (C) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Intimal thickening |
| 24 (C) | Neg | Th (sparse) | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 25 (C) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
| 26 (C) | Neg | Neg | Neg | Neg/Neg | Neg | Normal |
Abbreviations: C, Control; Dys, Dystonia; H&E, Hematoxylin and Eosin; Neg, Negative; NFT, Neurofibrillary Tangle; Pos, Positive; SN, Substantia Nigra; TDP43, TAR DNA-binding Protein 43; Th, Thread