Table 3.
Clinical cases of nocardia disease in inflammatory bowel disease patients: Literature review
| Ref. | IBD | Age (yr) | Sex | Medication | N. species | Clinical form | Treatment (duration) | Evolution |
| Vohra et al[40] | CD | 16 | F | 6-Mercaptopurine 6 wk steroids | N. asteroids | Brain abcess; calf abscess | TMP-SMX + ceftriaxon: not established | Favourable |
| Stack et al[41] | UC | 68 | M | Cyclosporine, steroids | N. asteroids | Pulmonary (abcess) | Amikacin + cefotaxime-3 wk followed by cefuroxime 3 mo | Favourable |
| Singh et al[30] | CD | 45 | M | Infliximab 6 wk | N. spp. (polymerase chain reaction) | Cutaneous | TMP-SMX, 3 yr | Favourable |
| Stratakos et al[33] | CD (DM) | 77 | F | Infliximab 8 mo, steroids | N asteroids (+Pneumocystis jiroveci) | Pulmonary | TMP-SMX, 6 mo | Favourable |
| Parra et al[34] | CD | 53 | F | Infliximab, azathioprine, steroids | N. cyriacigeorgica | Pulmonary | TMP-SMX + amikacin + imipnem - 6 wk followed by TMP-SMX, 7.5 mo | Favourable |
| Arora et al[42] | UC | 61 | F | Azathioprine, steroids | N. nova | Cutaneous, abscess: brain lung, renal, pancreatic | TMP-SMX, 1 yr | Favourable, remission 2 yr after treatment |
| Nakahara et al[36] | CD | 23 | M | Infliximab, < 3 wk, steroids | N. farcinia | Liver nocardiosis | TMP-SMX for? not known | Favourable |
| Ali et al[31] | CD | 61 | M | Infliximab > 1 yr | N. spp. | Cutaneous | TMP-SMX for 6 mo | Favourable, restarted anti-TNF after therapy |
| Saleemuddin et al[35] | CD | 81 | M | Infliximab (3 mo) 6-mercapto-purine | Nocardia spp. | Pulmonary | TMP-SMX for? not known | Favourable; 5 mo after restarted anti-TNF under TMP-SMX; ok 1 yr after diagnosis |
| Sidney et al[49] | CD | 73 | F | Infliximab (5 infusions) Prednisolone methotrexate | Nocardia asteroids | Disseminated: Pulmonary cerebral | TMP-SMX for? not known | Favourable with sequelae |
TMP-SMX: Trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole; DM: Diabetes mellitus; CD: Crohn's disease; UC: Ulcerative colitis.