Table 3.

Body composition, hematologic and serum parameters through the whole protocol

	Pre-exercise	Post-exercise		Post-rehydration	p-valuea
Weight (kg)	74.2 ± 6.5	72.4 ± 6.3d	Water	73.5 ± 6.5gj	p = 0.23
	74.3 ± 6.8	72.6 ± 6.7d	Beer + water	73.6 ± 6.9gj
Fat free mass (DXA) (kg)	57.9 ± 4.5	56.6 ± 4.5d	Water	57.4 ± 4.6g	p = 0.40
	58.1 ± 4.9	56.9 ± 4.7d	Beer + water	57.5 ± 4.5g
Fat mass (DXA) (kg)	10.5 ± 3.8	10.0 ± 3.6	Water	10.3 ± 3.6	p = 0.32
	10.5 ± 3.7	10.0 ± 3.3	Beer + water	10.1 ± 3.7
Hematocrit (%)	45.7 ± 3.0	46.6 ± 2.5	Water	45.5 ± 2.3	p = 0.45
	45.1 ± 2.9	45.6 ± 2.2	Beer + water	45.0 ± 2.1
Plasma volume changes (%)		−5.3 (−8.3;−0.1)b	Water	3.5 (0.9;9.3)	p = 0.44
		−5.1 (−5.7; 0.7)b	Beer + water	3.3 (0.5;7.9)
MCV (fL)	87.7 ± 3.0	87.4 ± 2.8b	Water	87.5 ± 3.0	p = 0.40
	88.1 ± 3.4	87.8 ± 3.4c	Beer + water	87.7 ± 3.5
Iron (g/dL)	95.7 ± 27.3	125.0 ± 31.6d	Water	122.9 ± 29.9	p = 0.43
	92.6 ± 32.0	114.6 ± 32.5b	Beer + water	108.0 ± 30.5
Urea (mg/dL)	40 ± 6	47 ± 6d	Water	44 ± 4fi	p = 0.09
	39 ± 8	45 ± 7d	Beer + water	40 ± 8g
Creatinine (mg/dL)	1.2 ± 0.1	1.3 ± 0.1d	Water	1.2 ± 0.1g	p = 0.25
	1.2 ± 0.1	1.3 ± 0.1d	Beer + water	1.2 ± 0.1e
Sodium (mEq/L)	138 ± 2	138 ± 2	Water	137 ± 3	p = 0.95
	138 ± 2	139 ± 3	Beer + water	137 ± 2
Potassium (mEq/L)	4.6 ± 0.4	4.7 ± 0.4	Water	4.2 ± 0.4gi	p = 0.28
	4.7 ± 0.4	4.7 ± 0.3	Beer + water	4.3 ± 0.3gh

^adifferences between rehydration strategies

Post- vs Pre-exercise ^b p ≤ 0.05; ^c p ≤ 0.01; ^d p ≤ 0.001. Post-rehydration vs Post-exercise ^e p ≤ 0.05; ^f p ≤ 0.01; ^g p ≤ 0.001. Post-rehydration vs Pre-exercise ^h p ≤ 0.05; ⁱ p ≤ 0.001

DXA dual energy X-ray absorptiometry, MCV mean corpuscular volume