Table 2. Demographic and clinical information for patients with schizophrenia with and without prominent negative symptoms, and healthy controls.
|
Patients with Schizophrenia |
Health controls (N = 62) | Comparison | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prominent Negative Symptoms (N = 29) | Non-Prominent Negative Symptoms (N = 116) | |||
| Gender (male: female) | 20:9 | 49:67 | 32:30 | X2 = 6.91, df = 2, P = 0.032 |
| Handed (right: left) | 27:2 | 110:6 | 60:2 | X2 = 0.65, df = 2, P = 0.724 |
| Age (year) | 22.34 (4.06) | 21.69 (3.768) | 21.16 (1.89) | F = 1.27, df = 2, P = 0.283 |
| Education (year) | 11.72 (1.93) | 11.94 (2.22) | 12.44 (2.18) | F = 1.47, df = 2, P = 0.233 |
| IQ estimates a | 96.22 (14.16) | 102.93 (14.39) | 111.52 (13.01) | F = 13.67, df = 2, P < 0.001 |
| PANSS | ||||
| Total score | 60.93 (13.91) | 42.16 (14.91) | t = 6.14, df = 143, P < 0.001 | |
| Negative symptoms | 21.79 (5.22) | 9.48 (3.51) | t = 15.19, df = 143, P < 0.001 | |
| Positive symptoms | 12.34 (5.44) | 10.98 (5.05) | t = 1.28, df = 143, P = 0.203 | |
| General psychopathology | 26.79 (6.10) | 21.70 (7.79) | t = 3.28, df = 143, P = 0.001 | |
| Duration of illness (month) | 2.68 (2.10) | 3.43 (4.37) | t = -0.90, df = 143, P = 0.372 | |
| Simpson-Angus Scale | 0.88 (1.59) | 0.40 (0.95) | t = 1.55, df = 143, P = 0.132 | |
| Barns Akathisia Scale | 0.16 (0.45) | 0.16 (0.69) | t = 0.04, df = 143, P = 0.972 | |
| Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale | 0.00 (0.02) | 0.07 (0.46) | t = −0.78, df = 143, P = 0.438 | |
PANSS: Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale; a, Bonferroni post hoc there is no difference between Prominent and Non-Prominent Negative Symptoms groups (P = 0.065).