. 2015 Apr 28;7:38. doi: 10.1186/s13098-015-0036-1

Table 3.

Relationship between HSD11B1 gene expression in abdominal adipose tissue and obesity: studies and subjects’ characteristics

Author, year	Subjects’ characteristics	T2DM	Obesity	BMI (kg/m ² )	MetS	Expression in VAT	Expression in SAT
Paulmyer-Lacroix, 2002 [21]	n: 30	N/D	18 (60)	33.8 ± 5.3	N/D	N/D	BMI < 25 kg/m²: 1.6 (HA)
	Female: 27 (90)						BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 4.0 (HA)^a
	Age: 37.8 ± 11.2
	Ethnicity: N/D
Tomlinson, 2002 [26]	n: 32	0 (0)	11 (34.4)	28.1 ± 0.7	N/D	BMI < 30 kg/m²: 15.5 ± 0.3 (n-fold)	BMI < 30 kg/m²: 15.5 ± 0.4 (n-fold)
	Female: 32 (100)					BMI < 30 kg/m²: 15.5 ± 0.3 (n-fold)	BMI < 30 kg/m²: 15.5 ± 0.4 (n-fold)
	Age: 43 (28 – 65)					BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 14.8 ± 0.5 (n-fold)	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 15.1 ± 0.5 (n-fold)
	Ethnicity: N/D					BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 14.8 ± 0.5 (n-fold)	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 15.1 ± 0.5 (n-fold)
Wake, 2003 [27]	n: 32	0 (0)	N/D	25.9 ± 0.9	N/D	N/D	r = 0.63 with BMI^c
	Female: 16 (50.0)
	Age: 55.5 ± 3.0
	Ethnicity: Caucasian
Lindsay, 2003 [13]	n: 31	N/D	N/D	35.4 ± 7.4	N/D	N/D	r = 0.34 with BMI^a
	Female: 14 (45.2)
	Age: 28.8 ± 7.7
	Ethnicity: 12 Caucasian
	19 Pima Indian
Engeli, 2004 [16]	n: 70	0 (0)	14 (20)	29.0 ± 3.1	N/D	N/D	BMI < 25 kg/m²: 0.5 (AU)
Engeli, 2004 [16]	Female: 70 (100)	0 (0)	14 (20)	29.0 ± 3.1	N/D	N/D	BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²: 0.9 (AU)^a
	Age: 57 ± 4
	Ethnicity: Caucasian
Goedecke, 2006 [11]	n: 26	0 (0)	N/D	27.2 ± 0.9	N/D	r = 0.35 with VAT volume	r = 0.57 with VAT volume^a
	Female: 26 (100)
	Age: 41 ± 2.0
	Ethnicity: 11 Caucasian
	8 Mixed race
	7 Black
Desbriere, 2006 [15]	n: 22	0 (0)	12 (54.5)	30.2 ± 3.8	N/D	BMI < 25 kg/m²: 0.5 (AU)	BMI < 25 kg/m²: 0.5 (AU)
Desbriere, 2006 [15]	Female: 22 (100)	0 (0)	12 (54.5)	30.2 ± 3.8	N/D	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 2.2 (AU)^a	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 3.6 (AU)^a
	Age: 36.2 ± 7.5
	Ethnicity: N/D
Mariniello, 2006 [19]	n: 24	N/D	8 (33.3)	34 ± 3.4	N/D	BMI < 30 kg/m²: 1 (n-fold)	N/D
Mariniello, 2006 [19]	Female: 17 (70.8)	N/D	8 (33.3)	34 ± 3.4	N/D	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 13 (n-fold)^b	N/D
	Age: 42 ± 10
	Ethnicity: N/D
Alberti, 2007 [6]	n: 62	12 (19.4)	62 (100.0)	37.4 ± 5.1	25 (40.3)	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 2.1 ± 0.9 (AU)	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 1.4 ± 0.8 (AU)
	Female: 52 (83.9)
	Age: 44.4 ± 11.1
	Ethnicity: N/D
Makkonen, 2007 [18]	n: 20	0 (0)	10 (50)	28.7 ± 1.4	N/D	N/D	BMI < 25 kg/m²: 0.3 ± 0.1 (n-fold)
	Female: 20 (100)						BMI < 25 kg/m²: 0.3 ± 0.1 (n-fold)
	Female: 20 (100)						BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²: 0.6 ± 0.1 (n-fold)^a
	Age: 36.5 ± 3.5
	Ethnicity: Caucasian
Michailidou, 2007 [20]	n: 21	N/D	N/D	32.7 ± 1.5	N/D	r = 0.57 with BMI^c	r = 0.58 with BMI^a
	Female: 21 (100)
	Age: 35 ± 1
	Ethnicity: Caucasian
Paulsen, 2007 [22]	n: 40	0 (0)	20 (50)	34.7 ± 3.8	0 (0)	BMI < 30 kg/m²: 0.01 (n-fold)	BMI < 30 kg/m²: 0.01 (n-fold)
Paulsen, 2007 [22]	Female: 20 (50)	0 (0)	20 (50)	34.7 ± 3.8	0 (0)	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 0.04 (n-fold)^a	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 0.05 (n-fold)^a
	Age: 41.3 ± 9.8
	Ethnicity: N/D
Baudrand, 2010 [9]	n = 49	11 (22.4)	49 (100)	42 ± 6.1	31 (63.3)	N/D	N/D
	Female: 35 (71)
	Age: 42.2 ± 10.1
	Ethnicity: N/D
Muñoz, 2009 [8]	n: 32	6 (18.8)	32 (100.0)	36.7 ± 3.8	16 (50.0)	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 7.8 (4.7 – 11.8) (AU)	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 11.4 (6.2 – 19.8) (AU)
	Female: 21 (65.6)
	Age: 40.2 ± 12.3
	Ethnicity: N/D
Simonyte, 2009 [24]	n: 27	3 (9.7)	27 (100)	44.6 ± 4.5	N/D	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 11.2 ± 4.9 (AU)	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 14.1 ± 6.4 (AU)
	Female: 27 (100)
	Age: 41 ± 8.5
	Ethnicity: Caucasian
Zha, 2009 [28]	n: 35	0 (0)	15 (50)	25.5 ± 1.5	N/D	BMI < 25 kg/m²: 1.0 (AU)	BMI < 25 kg/m²: 1.2 (AU)
	Female: 17 (49)					BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²: 1.5 (AU)^c	BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²: 1.5 (AU)^c
	Age: 49.5 ± 12.5
	Ethnicity: Chinese
Svendsen, 2009 [25]	n: 24	N/D	16 (66.7)	30.0 ± 2.7	N/D	N/D	BMI < 25 kg/m²: 0.09 (0.03–0.60) (AU)
	Female: 24 (100)						BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²: 0.25 (0.09–0.84) (AU)^a
	Age: 30.7 ± 4.7
	Ethnicity: N/D
Simonyte, 2010 [23]	n: 17	N/D	17 (100)	44.4 ± 4.4	N/D	N/D	r = 0.53 with WC^a
	Female: 17 (100)
	Age: N/D
	Ethnicity: N/D
Baudrand, 2011 [10]	n = 41	6 (14.6)	41 (100)	36.5 (36.5 – 47.0)	N/D	N/D	N/D
	Female: 29 (70)
	Age: 41.0 (34.0 – 47.5)
	Ethnicity: N/D
Michalaki, 2012 [7]	n = 27	2 (7.4)	19 (70.4)	46.1 ± 6.6	11 (40.7)	BMI < 25 kg/m²: 27.8 ± 16 (AU)	BMI < 25 kg/m²: N/D
Michalaki, 2012 [7]	n = 27	2 (7.4)	19 (70.4)	46.1 ± 6.6	11 (40.7)	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 81.6. ± 46.8 (AU)^a	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 115.7. ± 69.8 (AU)
	Female: 27 (100)
	Age: 37.3 ± 9.7
	Ethnicity: N/D
Leyvraz, 2012 [17]	n = 35	N/D	30 (85.7)	41.3 ± 4.6	N/D	BMI < 30 kg/m²: 1.0 (0.6 – 1.4) (AU)	BMI < 30 kg/m²: 1.0 (0.8 – 1.2) (AU)
	Female: 35 (100)					BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 2.9. (2.6 – 3.2) (AU)^c	BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²: 2.2 (2.1 – 2.3) (AU)^c
	Age: 39.0 ± 9.0
	Ethnicity: Caucasian

Data expressed as absolute and relative frequencies, median (interquartile range), or mean ± standard deviation as appropriate. T2DM: type 2 diabetes mellitus; BMI: body mass index; MetS: metabolic syndrome; VAT: visceral adipose tissue; SAT: subcutaneous adipose tissue; HA: hybridized area/field; AU: arbitrary units; WC: waist circumference. ^aP < 0.05. ^bP < 0.001. ^cP < 0.01. r = Pearson’s correlation coefficient. N/D: not described; NS: non-significant.