Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the patients
| Age (years) | 70.09 ± 16.8 |
| Sex (%) | |
| Female | 48.5 |
| Male | 51.5 |
| Chronic coexisting conditions (%) | |
| Hypertension | 58.8 |
| Diabetes | 34 |
| Coronary artery disease | 25.8 |
| Congestive heart failure | 16.9 |
| Chronic obstructive lung disease or emphysema | 10.3 |
| Neurologic disease | 3.1 |
| SIRS criteria at presentation (%) | |
| 2 or more | 67 |
| Less than 2 | 30 |
| Vital signs upon presentation | |
| Temperature (°C) | 37.55 ± 1.127 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 111.23 ± 27.63 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 60.81 ± 16.91 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 77.27 ± 18.96 |
| Heart rate (beats/min) | 100.43 ± 28.67 |
| Respiratory rate (respiration/min) | 22.31 ± 6.25 |
| Oxygen saturation (%) | 94.07 ± 6.7 |
| Baseline laboratory values | |
| White cell count (per mm3) | 19.5 ± 3.34 × 10,000 |
| Hemoglobin | 10.69 ± 2.45 |
| Hematocrit | 32.27 ± 8.43 |
| Lactate (mmol/l) | 3.80 ± 3.531 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | 1.86 ± 1.9 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dl) | 37.03 ± 26.29 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dl) | 3.08 ± 5.2 |
| Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (mmHg) | 36.42 ± 10.8 |
| pH arterial blood | 7.36 ± 0.13 |
| PaO2/FiO2 | 241.8 ± 111.54 |
| Bacteremia | |
| Yes | 41 |
| No | 56 |
| Site of infection (%) | |
| Urine | 40.2 |
| Lung | 19.6 |
| Unknown | 19.6 |
| Skin | 10.3 |
| GI | 8.2 |
| Endocarditis | 1 |
| Oral flora | 1 |