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. 2015 Jun;16(3):141–158. doi: 10.2174/1389202916666150303232520

Fig. (2).

Fig. (2)

Complex etiology of congenital heart defects. One must assume that a multitude of alterations happen which affect the genomic information directly (SNPs, CNVs, mutations, DNA methylation) or which alter the steady state of the transcriptome (dysregulation of coding and non-coding RNA species). Altogether these multiple factors generate a comprehensive genetic imbalance which ultimately results in the development of a distinct CHD phenotype.