Locomotor activity. Activity was measured over 120 min (30 min light, 90 min dark). Whereas biopsy decreased activity across all groups, anesthetic treatment had no significant effect. Of interest, mice that received a topical treatment (ethyl chloride or Cetacaine) tended to have decreased locomotor activity, with fewer rears and crosses, than did the untreated and isoflurane-anesthetized groups. When data between treatment groups were combined, activity was significantly (P < 0.05) decreased in mice that received a 5-mm biopsy compared with a sham biopsy, regardless of whether they had received topical or general anesthesia.