Table 4.
HIV and Pregnancy Risk among School Enrollees and Non-Enrollees, 15-19 year olds, Rakai, Uganda, 1994-2013
| Row Total (person rounds) | Total (across all rounds) | R01 | R02 | R03 | R04 | R06 | R07 | R08 | R09 | R10 | R11 | R12 | R13 | R14 | R15 | p-value* for trend (age adjusted) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adolescent Women | |||||||||||||||||
| No. of observations | 11,829 | 776 | 767 | 810 | 651 | 1,035 | 998 | 1,009 | 709 | 671 | 720 | 820 | 829 | 962 | 1,072 | ||
| ALL ADOLESCENTS | |||||||||||||||||
| Ever Had Sex | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 4,414 | 36.5 | 24.9 | 31.0 | 34.7 | 18.5 | 42.5 | 45.1 | 50.8 | 46.0 | 46.3 | 42.1 | 40.0 | 31.3 | 27.0 | 28.8 | <0.001 |
| Non-enrollees | 6,204 | 87.7 | 82.7 | 83.2 | 85.2 | 82.9 | 87.8 | 87.7 | 91.6 | 91.3 | 92.0 | 88.5 | 89.3 | 89.0 | 84.9 | 86.2 | 0.334 |
| Alcohol use in past 30 days | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 1,131 | 16.9 | 30.6 | 22.2 | 36.0 | 20.0 | 28.2 | 20.6 | 24.5 | 10.9 | 9.5 | 8.2 | 4.1 | NA | NA | NA | <0.001 |
| Non-enrollees | 4,404 | 25.9 | 32.2 | 29.0 | 30.7 | 24.8 | 29.8 | 32.3 | 31.8 | 16.1 | 18.0 | 17.6 | 12.6 | NA | NA | NA | <0.001 |
| SEXUALLY EXPERIENCED ADOLESCENTS | |||||||||||||||||
| 2+ Partners in past year | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 1,266 | 10.5 | 18.4 | 5.6 | 8.0 | 13.3 | 20.6 | 13.3 | 11.9 | 16.0 | 5.1 | 10.3 | 7.0 | 8.0 | 1.8 | 11.5 | <0.001 |
| Non-enrollees | 5,197 | 10.7 | 8.1 | 7.9 | 11.5 | 8.3 | 12.6 | 10.7 | 13.1 | 10.7 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 12.4 | 7.9 | 12.6 | 0.116 |
| Sexual Concurrency (2+ sexual partners at the time of interview) | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 1,612 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 5.6 | 2.0 | 0.0 | 3.2 | 0.7 | 3.1 | 3.6 | 1.6 | 2.7 | 2.3 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.002 |
| Non-enrollees | 5,443 | 1.8 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.7 | 2.3 | 1.5 | 2.9 | 2.6 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.2 | 0.5 | 0.258 |
| Consistent condom use (all partners) over the past year | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 760 | 69.5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 62.5 | 64.0 | 65.6 | 73.1 | 75.0 | 76.7 | 66.7 | 0.016 |
| Non-enrollees | 1,419 | 17.1 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 9.6 | 13.9 | 20.4 | 21.6 | 24.9 | 20.6 | 16.9 | <0.001 |
| Currently using modern family planning methods | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 1,612 | 45.4 | 20.4 | 30.6 | 36.0 | 26.7 | 38.7 | 58.2 | 52.8 | 54.6 | 39.7 | 58.2 | 46.8 | 50.7 | 37.0 | 36.0 | 0.634 |
| Non-enrollees | 5,443 | 21.5 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 8.3 | 9.1 | 16.4 | 19.6 | 26.8 | 26.6 | 30.5 | 29.1 | 27.1 | 30.7 | 25.6 | 26.8 | <0.001 |
| Ever pregnant | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 1,448 | 5.8 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 4.1 | 3.6 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 10.3 | 9.6 | 5.9 | 4.6 | 2.0 | 5.7 | 0.017 |
| Non-enrollees | 4,252 | 77.6 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 77.9 | 77.9 | 74.3 | 83.1 | 78.2 | 78.1 | 77.9 | 74.3 | 77.1 | 77.6 | 0.011 |
| HIV infected | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 1,478 | 1.8 | 0.0 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 7.1 | 2.0 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 3.3 | 2.6 | 0.8 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 0.7 | 2.3 | 0.048 |
| Non-enrollees | 4,816 | 6.4 | 9.5 | 6.3 | 9.6 | 8.2 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 5.5 | 7.1 | 6.1 | 9.2 | 5.0 | 4.3 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 0.036 |
| Adolescent Men | |||||||||||||||||
| No. of observations | 9,906 | 657 | 611 | 678 | 542 | 722 | 666 | 763 | 556 | 542 | 602 | 764 | 780 | 925 | 1,098 | ||
| ALL ADOLESCENTS | |||||||||||||||||
| Ever Had Sex | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 4,771 | 39.1 | 42.5 | 41.4 | 47.1 | 41.2 | 48.9 | 49.2 | 50.6 | 49.0 | 46.6 | 43.6 | 36.4 | 32.2 | 28.2 | 28.8 | <0.001 |
| Non-enrollees | 4,031 | 71.3 | 62.3 | 62.6 | 62.9 | 67.1 | 76.3 | 76.6 | 80.4 | 76.0 | 72.2 | 78.7 | 77.4 | 68.5 | 64.0 | 64.4 | <0.001 |
| Alcohol use in past 30 days | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 1,319 | 19.8 | 36.5 | 29.2 | 35.1 | 28.6 | 30.6 | 27.2 | 22.2 | 11.1 | 6.2 | 10.2 | 7.7 | NA | NA | NA | <0.001 |
| Non-enrollees | 2,252 | 37.5 | 48.1 | 50.0 | 54.5 | 38.6 | 40.9 | 43.3 | 42.0 | 31.2 | 25.8 | 20.0 | 21.8 | NA | NA | NA | <0.001 |
| SEXUALLY EXPERIENCED ADOLESCENTS | |||||||||||||||||
| 2+ Partners in past year | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 1,361 | 28.4 | 14.6 | 22.9 | 22.8 | 14.3 | 37.3 | 45.3 | 33.8 | 33.6 | 38.6 | 26.5 | 29.8 | 24.0 | 16.4 | 19.1 | 0.383 |
| Non-enrollees | 2,455 | 41.6 | 27.2 | 33.0 | 30.0 | 28.1 | 52.2 | 52.9 | 51.7 | 50.6 | 45.7 | 41.7 | 41.5 | 37.8 | 33.1 | 31.7 | 0.548 |
| Sexual Concurrency (2+ sexual partners at the time of interview) | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 1,866 | 6.0 | 5.2 | 6.3 | 7.0 | 0.0 | 10.8 | 9.3 | 10.3 | 5.6 | 6.9 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 1.9 | <0.001 |
| Non-enrollees | 2,872 | 10.6 | 5.2 | 8.0 | 8.9 | 12.3 | 13.4 | 15.6 | 10.0 | 21.1 | 10.0 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 9.1 | 8.6 | 3.4 | 0.249 |
| Consistent condom use (all partners) over the past year | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 635 | 69.5 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 63.0 | 59.4 | 70.2 | 70.8 | 77.1 | 75.9 | 80.0 | 0.001 |
| Non-enrollees | 937 | 49.8 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | 40.1 | 41.1 | 50.8 | 50.3 | 60.2 | 56.2 | 64.7 | <0.001 |
| HIV infected | |||||||||||||||||
| School enrollees | 1,713 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 0.5 | 0.769 |
| Non-enrollees | 2,477 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 0.721 |
*
All statistical testing used logistic regression with robust estimation.
Note: Sample includes adolescents 15-19 years from 28 Rakai communities followed continuously from 1994-2013, Rakai District, Uganda