Table 2. Sex differences in clinical characteristics.
| Women (n=14) | Men (n=9) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anthropometrics | |||
| Baseline BMI, kg/m2 | 51.9±6.01 | 53.1±9.50 | 0.710 |
| ΔBMI, kg/m2 | −16.9±4.87 | −16.3±7.69 | 0.815 |
| Baseline neck, cm | 42.7±3.20 | 50.6±3.09 | <0.001 |
| Δneck, cm | −5.9 [−6.8–(−4.3)] | −6.8 [−8.7–(−5.8)] | 0.095 |
| Baseline waist circumference, cm | 137.2±15.13 | 156.8±16.42 | 0.008 |
| Δwaist circumference, cm | −34.7± 13.55 | −37.5± 17.18 | 0.673 |
| Baseline waist-to-hip ratio | 0.93 ±0.077 | 1.04±0.065 | 0.002 |
| Δwaist-to-hip ratio | −0.07±0.119 | −0.03±0.058 | 0.320 |
| Adipocytokines | |||
| Baseline CRP, mg/L | 11.4±5.19 | 8.7±3.13 | 0.168 |
| ΔCRP, mg/L | −8.5±4.99 | −3.5±3.32 | 0.038 |
| Baseline TNF-α, pg/mL | 2.17±0.525 | 2.97±0.847 | 0.011 |
| ΔTNF-α, pg/mL | −0.10 (−0.28–0.07) | −0.03 (−0.40–0.12) | 0.753 |
| Baseline sTNFαR1, pg/mL | 3,267.6±1,380.8 | 3,883.0±1,096.4 | 0.273 |
| ΔsTNFαR1, pg/mL | −222.3 (−1,087–253.5) | −548.9 [−653.3–(−161.9)] | 0.795 |
| Baseline sTNFαR2, pg/mL | 5,393.2±1,227.8 | 5,991.9±1,629.8 | 0.327 |
| ΔsTNFαR2, pg/mL | −974.7±805.2 | −878.3±1,611.9 | 0.850 |
| Baseline leptin, ng/mL | 85.35±26.51 | 46.36±14.10 | <0.001 |
| Δleptin, ng/mL | −39.2 [−79.4–(−33.6)] | −22.4 (−42.3–7.35) | 0.078 |
| Baseline leptin receptor, ng/mL | 14.9 (12.55–16.60) | 16.25 (15.5–16.95) | 0.156 |
| Δleptin receptor, ng/mL | 3.75 (−1.8–7.7) | 1.75 (−0.6–5.15) | 0.706 |
| Baseline leptin/leptin receptor ratio | 5.79±1.980 | 2.83±0.991 | <0.001 |
| Δleptin/leptin receptor ratio | −3.6 [−6.07–(−1.96)] | −1.4[−3.0−(−0.43)] | 0.014 |
| Sleep architecture | |||
| Baseline N1, % | 9.0±5.93 | 24.7±15.12 | 0.002 |
| ΔN1, % | −0.2±5.54 | −13.0±15.38 | 0.009 |
| Baseline N2, % | 62.2 ±9.44 | 56.4±16.19 | 0.285 |
| ΔN2, % | 2.9±13.34 | 8.6±18.74 | 0.401 |
| Baseline N3, % | 14.4 (8.7–20.3) | 0.4 (0–8.6) | 0.012 |
| ΔN3, % | −8.5±9.27 | −3.4±5.17 | 0.148 |
| Baseline REM, % | 15.1 ±6.08 | 14.0±9.73 | 0.734 |
| ΔREM, % | 5.9±10.07 | 7.8±11.57 | 0.676 |
| Polysomnography results | |||
| Baseline total AHI, events/h | 16.9 (10–32.8) | 88.7 (61.2–94.6) | 0.003 |
| Δtotal AHI, events/h | −7.9 [−21.6–(−4.5)] | −63.2 [−91.7–(−43.5)] | 0.003 |
| Baseline NREM AHI, events/h | 11.8 (5.2–23.4) | 95.2 (60.4–101.6) | 0.003 |
| ΔNREM AHI, events/h | −5.0 [−14–(−3.2)] | −70.9 [−94.8–(−49.22)] | 0.006 |
| Baseline REM AHI, events/h | 45.4±25.81 | 59.2±27.67,646 | 0.235 |
| ΔREM AHI, events/h | −32.4±27.17 | −37.0±32.94 | 0.720 |
Continuous variables with normal distribution are presented as means±SD and compared with use of a Student's t test. Continuous variables with non-normal distributions are presented as medians (IQR) and compared with use of the Wilcoxon rank-sum test