Effects of short-term CR on MCT-induced pulmonary hypertension and vascular remodeling and right ventricular hypertrophy. A, mPAP. B, Cardiac output. C, Right ventricle weight/left ventricle + septum weight ratio [RV/(LV + S)]. D, Representive histopathological changes in rat lung tissues (hematoxylin and eosin stain, × 400). The bar represents 20 μm. E, The ratio of the medial wall thickness (WT%). F, The ratio of the medial wall area (WA%). There were increased mPAP and vascular remodeling (WT%, WA%) and RV/LV + S in MCT-treated rats at 3 weeks after injection. Preventive administration of CR decreased mPAP and reduced vascular remodeling and RV hypertrophy index. Values are mean ± standard error of the mean (n = 8). **P < 0.01 versus Ctr and #P < 0.05, ##P < 0.01 versus MCT using a one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni multiple comparisons test.