Table 1.
Characteristics of the study population (n = 68) at the start of the supplementation period.
Variable | Mean or median | Standard deviation or interquartile range |
---|---|---|
Age (years)a | 65.7 | 7.0 |
25(OH)D3 (nmol/L)b | 57.0 | 11.0 |
HbA1c (mmol/mol)b | 40 | 3 |
HbA1c (%)b | 5.8 | 2.5 |
Fasting glucose (nmol/L)a | 6.1 | 0.7 |
120 min glucose (nmol/L)a | 6.1 | 2.5 |
Fasting insulin (mU/L)b | 12.0 | 6.0 |
120 min insulin (mU/L)c | 61.9 | 62.3 |
HOMA2 %betab | 82.2 | 24.1 |
HOMA2 %ISa | 70.2 | 39.2 |
HOMA2 %IRb | 1.6 | 0.8 |
Waist circumference (cm)b | 106 | 9 |
Body mass index (kg/m2)b | 29.4 | 2.7 |
Systolic BP (mmHg)a | 144 | 30 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg)b | 92 | 10 |
Serum PTH (pg/ml)a | 42.6 | 12.7 |
Serum calcium (mM)b | 2.33 | 0.07 |
Serum creatinine (µmol/L)a | 71.7 | 14.5 |
Serum ALAT (U/L)a | 27.5 | 17.6 |
Serum GGT (U/L)a | 29.4 | 23.7 |
Serum TSH (mU/L)a | 2.6 | 1.7 |
Serum HDL cholesterol (mmol/L)b | 1.4 | 0.4 |
Serum LDL cholesterol (mmol/L)b | 3.2 | 0.9 |
Serum triglycerides (mmol/L)a | 1.3 | 0.7 |
Serum ApoA1 (g/L)b,c | 1.6 | 0.2 |
Serum ApoB (g/L)b,d | 1.0 | 0.2 |
Serum adiponectin (µg/mL)a,c | 4.8 | 3.3 |
Serum C-reactive protein (mg/L)a,c | 1.2 | 1.5 |
Plasma TNF receptor II (pg/mL)a | 2240 | 480 |
Plasma IL-6 (pg/mL)a | 1.3 | 0.8 |
Plasma IL-1 beta (pg/mL)a | 0 | 0 |
Plasma IL-1 receptor antagonist (pg/mL)a | 200 | 95 |
aMedian and interquartile range; bmean and standard deviation;c n = 66; d n = 65.
25(OH)D3: 25-hydroxyvitamin D3; ALAT: alanine aminotransferase; Apo: apoprotein; GGT: gamma-glutamyl transferase; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; HOMA: homeostatic modeling assessment; IL: interleukin; IR: insulin resistance; IS: insulin sensitivity; LDL: low-density lipoprotein; PTH: parathyroid hormone; TNF: tumor necrosis factor; TSH: thyroid-stimulating hormone.