Fig. 5.

P values for the omnibus tests comparing the 5 ERP waveforms, as discussed in ERPs elicited from successive stimuli with no time overlap. Top: ANOVA. Bottom: mixed effects model (MEM). Dotted lines show the raw P values obtained by the tests, while solid lines show the P values after the application of Simes' method for multiple testing correction. Although the two methods are testing the same hypothesis, the two tests lead to different conclusions. According to the ANOVA test, we cannot reject the hypothesis that all five ERP waveforms are the same, while the MEM test provides evidence against the same hypothesis. Time zero corresponds to the application of the first or second laser stimulus, when there is no time overlap between the successive elicited ERPs.