Table 4.
Geographic variability of associations between explanatory variables and depression between the five NYC boroughs
| Manhattan | Bronx | Brooklyn | Queens | Staten Island | Chow test | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 125 | N = 37 | N = 96 | N = 93 | N = 67 | N = 5 | ||||||
| Est. | S.E. | Est. | S.E. | Est. | S.E. | Est. | S.E. | Est. | S.E. | Est. | |
| Age | -.02 | .02 | -.09 | .06 | .04 | .03 | -.01 | .03 | .01 | .03 | 6.08 |
| Female | -.31 | .81 | 1.07 | 1.86 | .50 | 1.21 | −1.07 | 1.08 | 2.09* | 1.02 | 5.36 |
| Asian | -.42 | 1.32 | .28 | 1.43 | -.96 | .94 | 7.10** | 2.48 | −1.25 | .97 | 10.48* |
| Non-Hispanic Black | -.24 | 1.03 | −2.11 | 2.20 | 2.01 | 1.62 | 1.82 | 1.36 | −1.62 | 1.79 | 4.67 |
| Hispanic | 1.55 | .92 | −1.71 | 2.57 | 1.29 | 1.70 | .74 | 1.69 | .37 | 1.65 | 1.68 |
| Other race/ethnicity | -.39 | 1.54 | 3.28 | 2.44 | 1.80 | 2.33 | -.07 | 2.61 | 3.39 | 2.00 | 3.28 |
| High school education or less | 1.08 | 1.10 | 4.74* | 2.30 | -.01 | 1.33 | 1.46 | 1.37 | 2.01 | 1.19 | 3.59 |
| Employed | −1.67 | .95 | .45 | 2.28 | −1.68 | 1.01 | -.26 | 1.12 | .36 | .89 | 3.79 |
| Married or cohabiting | -.40 | .81 | 1.20 | 1.95 | −1.07 | .87 | -.51 | 1.08 | −2.74*** | .80 | 6.56 |
| Parent, living with child at time of Sandy | -.60 | .96 | −5.61** | 2.18 | 2.52* | 1.18 | 1.56 | 1.31 | -.10 | .88 | 12.91* |
| Experienced or witnessed trauma in addition to Sandy | 2.07** | .79 | 2.14 | 1.85 | .92 | .95 | 2.11 (.07) | 1.17 | -.07 | .80 | 4.62 |
| Number of hurricane-related stressors | .75 | .79 | .81 | 1.45 | .76 | .59 | 1.34** | .41 | 0.95 (.07) | .52 | 1.03 |
| Number of hurricane-related trauma | −1.38 | .88 | 6.34* | 2.95 | .65 | 1.56 | .04 | 1.27 | 8.63** | 2.71 | 17.37** |
| Global spatial lag | |||||||||||
| Spatially lagged depression across all boroughs | -.39 | .7 | |||||||||
| Model fit | |||||||||||
| Pseudo R2 | .25 | ||||||||||
| Spatial pseudo R2 | .24 | ||||||||||
| Global structural stability test | |||||||||||
| Chow test | 103.82*** | ||||||||||
| Spatial dependence | |||||||||||
| Anselin-Kelejian test | .64 | ||||||||||
N = Number of cases, Est. = Coefficient estimate, S.E. = Standard error, Significance level: <0.001***, <0.01**, <0.05*. P-value reported in brackets when marginal significant. Spatial neighborhood definition: 9 km, N total = 418.