Table 1.
Description of variables used in the model of anti-malarial price mark-ups
| Variables | Definition | Mean |
|---|---|---|
| Log Price Mark-Ups | Log of retail percent price mark-up on one adult equivalent treatment dose | 3.81 |
| Market characteristics | ||
| Concentration | Hirschman Herfindahl index on private and public sector anti-malarial sales volumes by marketa | 0.33 |
| High malaria risk (reference) | 1 if market is at high malaria transmission risk | 0.23 |
| Moderate malaria risk | 1 if market is at moderate malaria transmission risk | 0.39 |
| Low malaria risk | 1 if market is at low malaria transmission risk | 0.38 |
| Remote (reference) | 1 if market is remote (more than 4.5 h drive to closest commercial centre) | 0.23 |
| Moderately accessible | 1 if market is moderately accessible (between 2.5 and 4.5 h drive) | 0.43 |
| Highly accessible | 1 if market is accessible (less than 2.5 h drive) | 0.33 |
| Outlet characteristics | ||
| Located in areas without drug resistance (reference) | 1 if area is without drug resistance | 0.39 |
| Located in areas with suspected/confirmed drug resistance | 1 if area with resistance suspected or confirmed | 0.61 |
| Pharmacies/Clinical Pharmacies (reference) | 1 if outlet is pharmacy/clinical pharmacy | 0.24 |
| Drug Shop | 1 if outlet is drug store | 0.22 |
| Mobile Provider | 1 if outlet is mobile provider | 0.24 |
| Grocery Store | 1 if outlet grocery store | 0.13 |
| Village Shop | 1 if outlet is village shop | 0.16 |
| Collects supplies from wholesaler | 1 if none of the wholesalers deliver supplies to outlet | 0.59 |
| Receives supplies delivered by wholesalers | 1 if at least one top supplier delivers | 0.41 |
| No years in operation | Number of years outlet has been in operation | 10.7 |
| No AETD sold in past 1 week | Number of adult equivalent treatment doses of anti-malarials sold in the previous week | 2.19 |
| Product characteristics | ||
| Tablet (reference) | 1 if anti-malarial is in tablet form | 0.89 |
| Injectable | 1 if anti-malarial is in injectable form | 0.11 |
| Not branded (reference) | 1 if anti-malarial is unbranded generic | 0.73 |
| Branded | 1 if anti-malarial is branded innovator or generic | 0.27 |
| Artesunate + Mefloquine (reference) | 1 if anti-malarial is ACT artesunate + mefloquine | 0.49 |
| Artemether | 1 is anti-malarial is artemether | 0.06 |
| Artesunate | 1 if anti-malarial is artesunate | 0.15 |
| Chloroquine | 1 if anti-malarial is chloroquine | 0.07 |
| Dihydroartemisinin | 1 if anti-malarial is dihydroartemisinin | 0.01 |
| Dihydroartemisinin + Piperaquine | 1 if anti-malarial is dihydroartemisin + piperaquine | 0.05 |
| Mefloquine | 1 if anti-malarial is mefloquine | 0.01 |
| Quinine | 1 if anti-malarial is quinine | 0.12 |
| Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine | 1 if anti-malarial is sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine | 0.24 |
| Dihydroartemisinin + Piperaquine + Primaquine | 1 if anti-malarial is ACT dihydroartemisin + piperaquine + primaquine | 0.03 |
ageographical definition of retail markets was set as the commune