TABLE 2.
Associations with treatment delay
| Variable | Delay* ≥7 days n (%) | No delay <7 days n (%) | P value for χ2 test | Unadjusted univariate OR (95%CI) | Adjusted multivariate OR (95%CI) | P value |
| Year | 0.05 | 0.01 | ||||
| 2008 | 75 (18.2) | 337 (81.8) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| 2009 | 52 (13.2) | 342 (86.8) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.6 (0.4–0.9) | ||
| Sex | 0.69 | |||||
| Male | 70 (15.0) | 398 (85.0) | 1.0 | |||
| Female | 57 (19.9) | 280 (80.1) | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) | |||
| Unknown | 0 | 1 (100) | — | |||
| HIV status | 0.28 | |||||
| Non-HIV-infected | 24 (13.2) | 158 (86.8) | 1.0 | |||
| HIV-infected | 87 (17.4) | 414 (82.6) | 1.4 (0.9–2.2) | |||
| Unknown | 16 (13.0) | 107 (87.0) | 1.0 (0.5–1.9) | |||
| Smear status | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
| Positive | 8 (3.9) | 195 (96.1) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||
| Negative | 119 (19.7) | 484 (80.3) | 6.0 (2.8–12.7) | 6.3 (3.0–13.3) | ||
| Age, years | 0.123 | |||||
| 0–14 | 6 (19.3) | 25 (80.7) | 1.0 | |||
| 15–24 | 11 (10.6) | 93 (89.4) | 0.5 (0.2–1.5) | |||
| 25–34 | 56 (17.5) | 264 (82.5) | 0.9 (0.4–2.2) | |||
| 35–44 | 30 (12.7) | 207 (87.3) | 0.6 (0.2–1.6) | |||
| ≥45 | 24 (21.1) | 90 (78.9) | 1.1 (0.4–3.0) | |||
| Disease site | 0.65 | |||||
| Pulmonary | 116 (15.6) | 630 (84.4) | 1 | |||
| Extra-pulmonary | 10 (17.5) | 47 (82.5) | 1.2 (0.6–2.4) | |||
| Missing | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | — | |||
| Outcome | 0.842 | |||||
| Treatment success | 110 (16.2) | 568 (83.8) | 1 | |||
| Treatment failure/died/default | 4 (15.4) | 22 (84.6) | 0.9 (0.3–2.8) | |||
| Transfer out | 7 (12.3) | 50 (87.7) | 0.7 (0.3–1.6) | |||
| Missing | 6 (13.3) | 39 (86.7) | 8.8 (0.3–1.9) |
*
≥7 days was arbitrarily chosen to represent a delay in treatment commencement based on the accepted practice of expedited anti-tuberculosis treatment commencement in high HIV prevalent settings.
OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval; HIV = human immunodeficiency virus.