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. 2015 May 7;16(5):10337–10353. doi: 10.3390/ijms160510337

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© 2015 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.

This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Expressions of p-c-Raf, p-MEK1/2, p-p90RSK and p-MSK1 induced by 10 µM melatonin in hFOB 1.19 cells for 24 and 48 h. (a) Total and phosphorylated (p-) expression levels were measured by Western blot; (b) Total protein expression levels. Expression levels were normalized by GAPDH; (c) Phosphorylated (p-) protein expression levels. Expression levels were normalized by GAPDH; and (d) Ratio of phosphorylated protein/total protein expression levels. Expression levels were normalized by GAPDH first. Each bar is indicated as the relative percentage of control cells. The results are represented as the means ± SEM of three independent experiments. * p < 0.05 or ** p < 0.01, compared with control cells.

Expressions of p-c-Raf, p-MEK1/2, p-p90RSK and p-MSK1 induced by 10 µM melatonin in hFOB 1.19 cells for 24 and 48 h. (a) Total and phosphorylated (p-) expression levels were measured by Western blot; (b) Total protein expression levels. Expression levels were normalized by GAPDH; (c) Phosphorylated (p-) protein expression levels. Expression levels were normalized by GAPDH; and (d) Ratio of phosphorylated protein/total protein expression levels. Expression levels were normalized by GAPDH first. Each bar is indicated as the relative percentage of control cells. The results are represented as the means ± SEM of three independent experiments. * p < 0.05 or ** p < 0.01, compared with control cells.