Table 2.
Dietary intakes, Mediterranean score (Medscore) and food group intakes at baseline (time = 0) and after the 12-week nutritional intervention programme (time = 12)
(Mean values and 95 % confidence intervals)
| Men | Women | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Time = 0 (n 64) | Time = 12 (n 57) | Time = 0 (n 59) | Time = 12 (n 51) | |||||
| Variables | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI | Mean | 95 % CI |
| Dietary intakes | ||||||||
| Energy intake (kJ) | 12 824 | 11 887, 13 761 | 11 581 | 10 791, 12 372 | 10 280* | 9657, 10 904 | 9770 | 9150, 10 389 |
| Energy density (kJ/g)‡ | 5·52 | 5·27, 5·77 | 5·06 | 4·81, 5·31 | 5·06* | 4·90, 5·23 | 4·98 | 4·77, 5·19 |
| % Carbohydrates | 42·2 | 40·9, 43·5 | 44·1 | 42·5, 45·6 | 44·5* | 43·0, 46·0 | 44·8 | 43·2, 46·3 |
| Total dietary fibres (g) | 27·2 | 24·8, 29·5 | 32·8 | 30·0, 35·7 | 25·6 | 23·9, 27·2 | 28·1 | 26·0, 30·2 |
| % Proteins | 18·3 | 17·7, 19·0 | 18·4 | 17·6, 19·1 | 17·8 | 17·0, 18·5 | 17·9 | 17·1, 18·7 |
| % Lipids | 36·8 | 35·6, 38·0 | 34·6 | 33·2, 36·0 | 35·1* | 33·9, 36·2 | 34·6 | 33·1, 36·1 |
| % MUFA | 15·5 | 14·8, 16·2 | 15·1 | 14·3, 15·9 | 14·6† | 13·9, 15·3 | 15·1 | 14·1, 16·0 |
| % PUFA | 6·2 | 5·9, 6·6 | 6·8 | 6·4, 7·2 | 5·9 | 5·5, 6·2 | 6·3 | 5·9, 6·7 |
| % SFA | 12·2 | 11·5, 12·9 | 10·1 | 9·4, 10·7 | 11·8 | 11·4, 12·2 | 10·5 | 10·0, 11·1 |
| % Trans-fatty acids | 1·4 | 1·3, 1·5 | 1·1 | 1·0, 1·2 | 1·3* | 1·2, 1·3 | 1·1 | 1·0, 1·2 |
| % Alcohol | 2·7 | 2·1, 3·3 | 2·9 | 2·2, 3·6 | 2·7 | 2·1, 3·2 | 2·7 | 2·1, 3·3 |
| Medscore and food groups | ||||||||
| Medscore (arbitrary units) | 22·7 | 21·6, 23·8 | 27·6 | 26·4, 28·9 | 24·1† | 23·1, 25·0 | 27·2 | 25·8, 28·6 |
| Olives (portions/d) | 1·1 | 0·7, 1·4 | 1·5 | 1·2, 1·8 | 1·0 | 0·7, 1·2 | 1·6 | 1·1, 2·1 |
| Rapeseed oil (portions/d) | 0·2 | 0·1, 0·3 | 0·2 | 0·1, 0·3 | 0·2 | 0·1, 0·2 | 0·2 | 0·1, 0·3 |
| Vegetables (portions/d) | 3·8 | 3·4, 4·3 | 4·3 | 3·8, 4·9 | 4·3 | 3·9, 4·6 | 4·3 | 3·9, 4·8 |
| Vegetable juices (portions/d) | 0·3 | 0·2, 0·4 | 0·3 | 0·2, 0·4 | 0·3 | 0·2, 0·4 | 0·2 | 0·1, 0·4 |
| Legumes, nuts and seeds (portions/d) | 1·3 | 0·9, 1·6 | 1·9 | 1·6, 2·3 | 0·8* | 0·7, 1·0 | 1·2 | 1·0, 1·4 |
| Whole-grain products (portions/d) | 3·2 | 2·8, 3·6 | 3·7 | 3·3, 4·1 | 2·3* | 1·9, 2·8 | 2·9 | 2·5, 3·2 |
| Refined-grain products (portions/d) | 3·3 | 2·8, 3·7 | 1·9 | 1·6, 2·2 | 2·7† | 2·3, 3·1 | 1·9 | 1·6, 2·3 |
| Milk and dairy products (portions/d) | 3·1 | 2·6, 3·6 | 2·8 | 2·3, 3·3 | 2·6† | 2·3, 2·9 | 2·4 | 2·1, 2·7 |
| Fruits (portions/d) | 1·7 | 1·4, 2·1 | 2·6 | 2·1, 3·2 | 2·5* | 2·1, 2·8 | 2·6 | 2·2, 3·0 |
| Fruit juices (portions/d) | 1·5 | 1·1, 1·8 | 1·3 | 1·0, 1·6 | 1·1† | 0·8, 1·4 | 1·0 | 0·7, 1·4 |
| Poultry (portions/d) | 0·9 | 0·7, 1·1 | 0·8 | 0·6, 0·9 | 0·7* | 0·6, 0·8 | 0·6 | 0·5, 0·7 |
| Fish and seafood (portions/d) | 0·6 | 0·5, 0·8 | 1·1 | 0·9, 1·3 | 0·5 | 0·4, 0·7 | 0·9 | 0·7, 1·0 |
| Red meat/processed meat (portions/d) | 1·7 | 1·4, 1·9 | 0·8 | 0·7, 0·9 | 1·1* | 1·0, 1·3 | 0·7 | 0·6, 0·8 |
| Eggs (portions/d) | 0·5 | 0·4, 0·5 | 0·5 | 0·4, 0·6 | 0·3* | 0·3, 0·4 | 0·3 | 0·2, 0·4 |
| Sweets (portions/d) | 2·0 | 0·8, 3·2 | 1·0 | 0·6, 1·5 | 1·3 | 1·0, 1·7 | 0·9 | 0·7, 1·2 |
* Mean value was significantly different from that for men at baseline (P ≤ 0·05; Student's t test).
† Mean value was marginally significantly different from that for men at baseline (P ≤ 0·10; Student's t test).
‡ Including energy-containing foods and drinks.