Table 1.
Evaluation of RV disease in animal models
| Parameter | Examples |
|---|---|
| Type of loading | Proximal pressure load (e.g., pulmonary artery banding) |
| Peripheral pressure load (e.g., pulmonary hypertension) | |
| Volume load (e.g., aorto-caval shunt, pulmonary/tricuspid valve regurgitation) | |
| Combined pressure/volume load (e.g., pulmonary hypertension + aorto-caval shunt | |
| Clinical symptoms | Appearance (decreased grooming or inactivity) |
| Bodyweight changes (cachexia or fluid retention) | |
| Cyanosis or decreased peripheral circulation | |
| Dyspnea/tachypnea (labored breathing) | |
| Effusions (palpable ascites) | |
| Exercise | Voluntary/spontaneous activity |
| Forced exercise testing | |
| Effusion at autopsy | Pleural effusion |
| Ascites | |
| Liver wet/dry weight ratio | |
| Survival | Mortality |
| Human endpoints reached |